Attachment- Cross Cultural Variations

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

The ideas, customs, and social behaviours of a group of people/society.

Question 2

Sub culture

Answer 2

A cultural group within the larger group whose beliefs or interests may vary from the larger culture.

Question 3

Individualist cultures

Answer 3

Value independence and emphasise the needs of the individual over the needs of the group.

Question 4

Collectivist cultures

Answer 4

Value community and prioritise the needs of the group rather than the needs of the individual.

Question 5

Which cultures are typically individualist

Answer 5

Western cultures

Question 6

Which cultures are typically collectivist

Answer 6

Eastern cultures

Question 7

Where did Ainsworth conduct her research

Answer 7

Both America and Uganda- noticed similarities in different cultures

Question 8

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)

Answer 8

P- meta analysis of 32 SS studies from 8 countries (GB, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, Japan, Israel, USA, China)

F-
Secure was the most common in all countries

Secure was most common in Great Britain (75%, individualist)

Avoidant most common in Germany (35%, individualist)

Resistant most common in Israel and Japan (29%, collectivist)

Differences within cultures were more (1.5x) than the difference between cultures

Question 9

Strengths of a meta analysis

Answer 9

Large sample, less bias and has cultural variation

Question 10

Limitations of meta analysis

Answer 10

Differences in individual studies
Researcher bias by excluding research with conflicting results