Attempts to establish a constitutional monarchy

Question 1

Flight to Varennes

Answer 1

20 June 1791

Louis initially accepted the revolution but 2 things changed his mind - his religion (refused to attend mass by priests who swore the Clerical Oath), and as a prisoner in Paris his negotiating position was weak.

Louis & his family left Paris but were recognised and stopped in Varennes. He had left behind a proclamation denouncing the Revolution, and thus trust in him was all but lost.

Question 2

Champ de Mars Massacre

Answer 2

17 July 1791
50,000 attended the Champ de Mars, where a republican petition was being signed. National Guard fired on the crowd, killing up to 50

Question 3

Legislative Assembly

Answer 3

Replaced the National Constituent Assembly on 1 October 1791.

745 deputies, mostly bourgousie

Question 4

Role of the Paris mob in the end of the monarchy u

Answer 4

Had over 600,000 inhabitants who relied heavily on bread supply. Shortages often caused riots.

Rioting over Necker’s dismissal led to the Storming of the Bastille (14th July 1789).

Large number of literates who were influenced by radical newspapers such as Marat’s, who called for the people to rise up

October Days

Question 5

Jacobins

Answer 5

Middle-class memebrs aimed to reduce power of the King.

Group split in 1791 as some wanted a republic. Became more radical over time and allied with the sans-culottes, demanding an end to the monarchy.

Dominated government under Robespierre, responsible for the Terror