Attention Flashcards
(14 cards)
1
Q
What is attention?
A
- Cognitive process through which we select and prioritise info to enhance perception and cognition
2
Q
What are the 3 types of attention?
A
- Selective
- Sustained
- Divided
3
Q
What is the cocktail party effect?
A
- Ability to focus on a specific conversation or sound in a noisy party, while filtering out background noise (Cherry, 1953)
4
Q
What did Newma and Jusczyk (1996) find about the cocktail party effect?
A
- Infants as young as 7 months can separate specific sounfs from competing noise
5
Q
What was the cocktail party effect in animals?
A
- Aubin/Jouventin (199) showed the CPE in penguins
- Chicks would have to be within 11 metres to make needed auditory distractions
- Chicks only reacted to their distinguished parental call.
6
Q
What is the Mackworth Clock effect?
A
- Simple visual task where Ps watch a clock-like device
- Moves at regular intervals around a dial and occasionally makes a double jump
- Observer tasked to identify and respond
7
Q
What is enclothed cognition?
A
- Systematic influence that clothes have on the wearer’s psychological processes
8
Q
What did Adam and Galinsky find (2012)?
A
- Lab coats are generally associates with attentiveness and carefulness
- Authors predicted that wearing a lab coat would increase performance on attention related tasks
9
Q
What happend in Adam/Galinksy E1?
A
- Wearing a lab coat increased selective attention compared to not wearing a lab coat
10
Q
What happend in Adam/Galinksy E2/3?
A
Wearing a lab coat described as a doctors coat increased sustained attention
11
Q
What was Adam and Galinsky (2012) E1?
A
- Stroop task used to measure selective attention - whether letters presented in red or blue
- Selective attention assessed by contrasting performance on incongruent trials with performance on non-incongruent trials
12
Q
What were the results of Adam and Galinsky (2012) E1?
A
- More errors on incongruent trials rather than neutral
- Lab coat Ps made half as many errors
13
Q
How was sustained attention measured in E2 for Adam/Galinsky?
A
- 4 comparable visual search tasks - 4 minor differences in each task
14
Q
What were the results of Adam and Galinsky E2?
A
- Ps in wearing-a-doctor’s-coat condition found more differences than Ps in the wearing-a-painter’s-coat condition and Ps in seeing-a-doctor’s-coat condition
