ATTITUDE OF BEDS

Question 1

Is the study of factors such as origin, occurrence, classification, type and effects of various secondary structures like folds, faults, joints, rock cleavage and are different from those primary structures such as bedding and vesicular structure, which develop in rocks at the time of their formation.

Answer 1

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

Question 2

Is the theoretical and applied science of the mechanical behavior of rock.

Answer 2

ROCK MECHANICS

Question 3

It is that branch of mechanics concerned with the response of rock to the force fields of its physical environment.

Answer 3

ROCK MECHANICS

Question 4

It is an important field in civil engineering as it applies in the majority of infrastructure projects including dams, roads, tunnels, bridges, buildings, and protection of slopes.

Answer 4

ROCK MECHANICS

Question 5

Two important principle components of planar:

Answer 5

strike and dip

Question 5

A general term for the orientation of a line or plane. ______ refers to the three-dimensional orientation of planar and linear features such as a bed, joint or a fold

Answer 5

Attitude

Question 5

A compass direction of the line
measured in degree (0-360)
clockwise from north with
north=0, east=90, south=180,
west=270. Expressed In Three
Digits (000).

Answer 5

AZIMUTH

Question 6

A compass direction
measured 0-90 degrees
from north or south.

Answer 6

QUADRANT

Question 7

• Also known as top
  view.

-It is the bird’s eye
point of view of the
earth surface.

Answer 7

MAP VIEW

Question 7

Representation of a geometry on
a plane perpendicular to the
earth’s surface.

Answer 7

CROSS-SECTIONAL
VIEW

Question 8

METHODS IN DETERMINING
THE ATTITUDE of planar:

Answer 8

1. Strike and Dip
2. Right Hand Rule
3. Dip-Line Trend and Plunge

Question 8

Sedimentary beds are deposited in

Answer 8

horizontal layers,

Question 9

-Geologic structures: beddings, joints,
faults, axial planes, etc.

Answer 9

PLANAR

Question 10

-This system is used to describe the orientation of inclined
bedding which is named after the two important principal
components in describing 3D spatial orientation.

Answer 10

strike and dip

Question 11

if the layers are no longer horizontal,

Answer 11

they have been affected by tectonic forces and have become either tilted, or folded.

Question 12

-The azimuth direction line formed by the intersection of
horizontal plane and the plane intersect.

Answer 12

strike and dip

Question 13

The maximum slope of a plane, measured from horizontal. The ______
direction is always perpendicular to strike.

Answer 13

DIP

Question 14

Dip values are always in the range of 0-90. A dip angle of 0 defines horizontal plane with 90 describes a vertically oriented plane

Answer 14

0-20 – shallow

20-50 – moderate

50-90 – steep

Question 15

-is the inclination of a plane measured in a vertical plane
trending perpendicular to the strike.

Answer 15

TRUE DIP

Question 16

-inclination of a plane measured in vertical plane that is
not perpendicular to the strike.

Answer 16

APPARENT DIP

Question 17

Direction of a line of intersection
between a tilted plane and a horizontal
plane.

Answer 17

STRIKE

Question 18

geologist use this instrument to measure strike and dip.

Answer 18

BRUNTON OR CLINO COMPASS

Question 18

parts of the brunton compass

Answer 18

-mirror
-lift pin for needle
-compass card
-sighting arm
- needle
-bull’s eye level
- clinometer level

Question 19

-This rule is followed by most geologist in the world for
consistency. The azimuth direction of the strike is recorded
such that true dip is inclined to the right of the observer. In
this case, the strike azimuth could be to any quadrant.

Answer 19

the right-hand rule

Question 20

-As the name suggests, this method is similar to the method trend and plunge of in determining linear attitude. This method relies on the implicit 90 degrees angle between true dip azimuth and the strike.

Answer 20

DIP-LINE TREND AND PLUNGE

Question 20

is when your are facing the strike direction and your right side is dipping downward.

Answer 20

the right-hand rule

Question 21

-In this method, the observer measures the dip azimuth and then the true dip angle. Because strike of a plane always has a trend of 90 degrees form the dip trend, one may simply record the dip trend and the angle of a plane.

Answer 21

DIP-LINE TREND AND PLUNGE

Question 22

-Two important principle components: trend and plunge -Geologic structures: folds, hinges, elongated minerals, cleavage, bedding intersection, etc.

Answer 22

LINEAR

Question 23

METHODS OF DETERMINING THE ATTITUDE OF LINEAR

Answer 23

1. Trend and Plunge 2. Pitch/Rake

Question 24

-Meanwhile, plunge is the angle of inclination of a line measured in a vertical plane. It is the angle from the horizontal line to the line itself. It shows how the particular line dips with respect to the horizontal line. And plunge ranges from 0-90 degrees.

Answer 24

TREND AND PLUNGE

Question 24

-Is the projecting line onto the horizontal plane. It is the azimuth direction of a line in map view (top view). Since trend is measured in top view, vertical line has no definable trend.

Answer 24

TREND AND PLUNGE

Question 25

This method is used when it is difficult to measure the trend due to the steepness of the plunge.

Answer 25

PITCH RAKE

Question 26

is the angle between the line and the strike of the plain that contains the line.

Answer 26

PITCH RAKE