Attribution Flashcards
What is attribution?
Establishing that a particular situation occurred as a result of another situation effecting it
What is Weiner’s Model of Attribution (1979)?
The four main reasons to categorise loss are:
- Ability
- Task difficulty
- Effort
- Luck
What is the stability dimension?
Stable/unstable
Whether attribution is changeable or unchangeable
What is loss of causality?
Internal/external
In the athlete’s control or outside the athlete’s control
What is the effect of an athlete’s self-serving bias?
It usually attributes to failure to external causes and success to internal causes to make themselves feel better
What was the third component of Weiner’s model?
The dimension of controllability
What is the dimension of controllability?
Attribution is controlled by performer or the environment
How do coaches respond to the dimension of controllability?
They praise effort and controllable successes and punish a lack of effort and controllable failures
What is learned helplessness?
Failure is inevitable and this causes hopelessness
What is specific learned helplessness?
Hopelessness in a specific situation
What is global learned helplessness?
Towards groups or situations
What is common in low achievers?
They blame outcomes on things out of their control
What is common in high achievers?
Oriented towards mastery and see failure as a learning opportunity
What is mastery orientation?
Athlete is motivated on becoming an expert. They attribute failure to internal, controllable and unstable factors like effort
What is attribution retraining?
To maximise performance by turning learned helplessness into mastery orientation
