Atypical Phonological Process

Question 1

Common diacritic: Dentalization

Answer 1

alveolar sounds produced by touching the upper front teeth, NOT the alveolar ridge

Diacritic: [t̪ ], [s̪ ]

Question 2

Common Diacritic: Lateralization

Answer 2

fricatives /s, z/ produced with air coming over the sides of the tongue

Diacritic: [sˈ], [zˈ], Symbols: [ɬ, ɮ]

Question 3

Common diacritics: Velarization

Answer 3

production of /l/ with tongue body bunching towards the velar region

Symbol: [ɫ]

Question 4

Common diacritics: Nasalization

Answer 4

some resonance through nasal cavity during production of an oral phoneme

Symbol: [ ĩ ]

Question 5

Common diacritics: Nasal air emission

Answer 5

audible puff of air through the nose

Question 6

Common diacritics: denasality

Answer 6

production of nasal phonemes without nasalization

Symbol: [ ͊m ]

Question 7

Common diacritic: Labialization / rounding

Answer 7

Labialization – rounding of (typically unrounded) consonants
Diacritic: [ʃʷ]

Rounding – rounding of (typically unrounded) vowels
Diacritic: [i] (reverse c)