Audiology Exam 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the differences between SPL, HL and SL?
SPL: Raw noise
HL: Used only for audiometric testing
SL: The difference between presented sound level and their threshold
What is a conductive loss?
A loss in the outer or middle ear
What are potential causes of a conductive loss?
- Impacted/built up cerumen (outer ear)
-Broken ossicles (middle ear)
-Middle ear infection
-Otitis externa or media
-Atresia
-Microtia
-Cholesteatoma (tumor/growth in the middle ear)
What is a sensorineural hearing loss?
A loss in the cochlea or beyond
What are potential causes of a sensorineural hearing loss?
-Dead stereocilia
-Noise-induced hearing loss
-Meniere’s Disease
-Acoustic neuroma on 8th nerve
-Diabetes
-Ototoxicity
What are the ranges for the different degrees of hearing loss?
Normal (Adults): -10 - 25 dB
Normal (Kids): -10 - 15 dB
Mild hearing loss: 25-40 dB
Moderate hearing loss: 41-55dB
Moderately Severe Hearing Loss: 56-70 dB
Severe Hearing Loss: 71-90 dB
Profound Hearing Loss: 91 dB and above
What are the 6 configurations on an audiogram?
Flat, Rising, Sloping, Low-Frequency, High-Frequency, Precipitous
What are characteristics of otitis externa? Which part of the auditory pathway does it affect?
Outer Ear condition
Inflamed and thickened skin, pain, drainage, hearing loss
What are characteristics of osteoma? Which part of the auditory pathway does it affect?
Outer ear
Benign outgrowth of bone on bone (new bone)
What are characteristics of exostosis? Which part of the auditory pathway does it affect?
Outer ear
Extra growth of bone from an existing bone
What are the differences between stenosis, atresia, microtia and otalgia?
Stenosis: narrowing of pinna
Atresia: no opening to the EAM
Microtia: abnormally small or disformed pinna
What are characteristics of otitis media? What population is the most susceptible to it and why?
Inflammation of middle ear chamber due to accumulation of fluid
-Children are the most likely to get it
Why do we mask when doing an audiogram?
Crossover (when the non-test ear will compensate for the loss in the test ear and skews the results)
What are the characteristics of cholesteatoma? Which part of the auditory pathway does it affect?
Tumor-like growth in middle ear.
Drainage, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus
What are the characteristics of an acoustic neuroma? What will it look like on an audiogram?
Tumor that grows on the vestibular part of the 8th nerve, then can grow and compress the auditory area.
Typically causes unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
Disproportionate loss of speech perception
What are the characteristics of Meniere’s Disease?
Chronic disorder that affects balance and hearing.
4 main symptoms: tinnitus, fluctuating hearing loss, vertigo, aural fullness
How can Multiple Sclerosis cause hearing loss?
If the myelin sheaths of the auditory nerve is damaged.
What are the characteristics of ANSD (auditory dysynchrony)?
OHCs are normal, but IHCs, 8th nerve and brain stem neuron firings are off.
What tests are used for Auditory Processing Disorder?
Temporal processing, dichotic listening tests, monaural speech test and binaural interaction
