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0. Unisea 2023 > Australia > Flashcards

Australia Flashcards

1
Q

Name three states that produced almost 95% of all Australian wine?

A

South Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria

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2
Q

Name top five varieties in Australia in order of planting?

A

Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, and Semillon.

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3
Q

What is a name of Australian government authority which regulates wine industry?

A

Wine Australia, established in 1981 as the Australia Wine and Brandy Corporation

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4
Q

What was the first truly premium region which released its wines under screwcap anywhere in the world?

A

Clare Valley

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5
Q

What is a capital of South Australia (SA)?

A

Adelaide

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6
Q

What is the largest wine-producing state by volume in Australia?

A

South Australia, producing nearly 50 per cent of the national crush

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7
Q

Name four best-known zones in South Australia Zone?

A

Barossa, Mount Lofty Ranges, Fleurieu and the Limestone Coast

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8
Q

The Barossa zone is divided into two regions, name them?

A

Barossa Valley GI and Eden Valley GI.

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9
Q

What is elevation in Barossa Valley?

A

100-300 meters above sea level

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10
Q

Barossa Valley GI Total Hectares Under Vine?

A

10.350 ha (2012; Wine Australia)

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11
Q

Barossa Valley GI Major Grapes?

A

Red Grapes (85%): Shiraz (over 60%); Cabernet Sauvignon; Grenache; White Grapes (10%): Chardonnay; Semillon.

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12
Q

What kind of Shiraz is produced in Barossa Valley?

A

It is typically full-bodied and high in alcohol with high levels of soft tannins and pronounced ripe (and often cooked or dried) black fruit aromas.

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13
Q

What is a climate in Barossa Valley GI?

A

Warm climate with hot, sunny summer days but cooler nights. Ideal conditions for the production of ripe, full-bodied red wines.Degree Days (°C): 1710 (Region III).

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14
Q

Eden Valley GI (2.270 ha) elevation?

A

400 to 600 meters above sea level. In comparison with Barossa Valley; Eden Valley is cooler.

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15
Q

What are most important varieties in Eden Valley?

A

Eden Valley produces almost equal amounts of white and red wine. Riesling is the most planted variety, making up over one third of plantings. The most planted black variety is Shiraz.

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16
Q

Eden Valley GI most famous vineyard?

A

The valley’s most famous Shiraz vineyard is Henschke’s eight hectare “Hill of Grace” planted in 1860; it is the source of Australia’s top single vineyard wine; providing a site specific counterpoint to the philosophy behind “Grange.”

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17
Q

What is the name of Australia largest fine wine region?

A

Barossa Valley GI . Fourth-largest region overall, falling in line behind the volume-driven regions of Riverland, Riverina, and Murray Darling.

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18
Q

What is Barossa Old Vine Charter?

A

The charter is a voluntary registry of old vine vineyards in the Barossa, and it divides vines into four age groups.

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19
Q

What is “Noble One”?

A

Produced by De Bortoli; - “Noble One Botrytis Semillon;” is the star. First released in the 1982 vintage; the lusciously sweet “Noble One” quickly rose to the pinnacle of Australian dessert wines; and has garnered an outpouring of international critical praise.

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20
Q

De Bartoli Noble 1 dessert wine is produced in which region?

A

Riverina. Usually produces most of the New South Wales bulk wine, wholly irrigated.

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21
Q

Leeuwin`s Art SeriesChardonnay is produced in what Region?

A

Margaret River.

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22
Q

Name most important region in Fleurieu Zone, located in South Australia?

A

McLaren Vale GI (large region with 6,200ha). The second most important is Langhorne Creek GI (main source of fruit for Jacob’s Creek)

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23
Q

What wine is often referred to as ‘Poor Man’s Grange’ or ‘Baby Grange’?

A

Bin 389 Cabernet Shiraz, multi-district blend, South Australia, components of the wine are matured in the same barrels that held the previous vintage of Grange. First vintage 1960.

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24
Q

How Eden Valley Shiraz compare to Barossa Valley Shiraz?

A

Eden Valley Shiraz have higher acidity, more structured tannins, and lower alcohol. The flavours sit between the very ripe style from Barossa and the peppery styles from cooler climates with sweet spice notes from oak.

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25
Q

What are most important red varieties in McLaren Vale?

A

Over 90 per cent of plantings are now black grape varieties. Shiraz is the most planted, with over half of total plantings, followed by Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache (especially old vines).

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26
Q

Which region produce Australia’s hottest and heaviest styles of Shiraz?

A

Barossa Valley

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27
Q

What is the most planted variety in Eden Valley?

A

Riesling, making up over one third of plantings

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28
Q

How Eden Valley Riesling taste like?

A

Dry in style, with high acidity and medium alcohol, pure citrus fruit (lemon and lime) and floral aromas.

29
Q

What are most important red varieties in Clare Valley?

A

Black varieties make up 72 per cent of plantings in Clare Valley and Shiraz almost half of those; there are also significant plantings of Cabernet Sauvignon.

30
Q

What is the most important white variety in Clare Valley?

A

Clare Valley is also well-known for its Riesling, which makes up most of the white plantings, and over 25 per cent of total plantings. Acidity levels tend to be higher than in Eden Valley with pronounced lime aromas.

31
Q

What are Adelaide Hills GI Major white varieties?

A

White varieties make up 60 per cent of plantings led by Sauvignon Blanc with over a quarter of all plantings (intense ripe fruit aromas rather than the herbaceous notes associated with Marlborough). Chardonnay is also produced for both still and sparkling wines (quite high acidity with ripe stone fruit flavours).

32
Q

What kind of soil is found in Coonawarra?

A

Terra rossa, or red soil. This is a free-draining iron-rich loam over a hard limestone base that the roots may struggle to penetrate, restricting the vine’s access to water which control vigour and lead to lower yields of concentrated grapes.

33
Q

What are most important red varieties in Coonawarra?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon (over half of all plantings, some of best in Australia), Shiraz (usually lighter-bodied than Barossa)

34
Q

What are most important white varieties in Coonawarra?

A

Less than 10 per cent of plantings, but excellent Chardonnay (ripe fruit, ranging from pear to pineapple), and Riesling (fruitier, lower acidity than others in South Australia)

35
Q

What is the climate found in Coonawarra?

A

Moderate climate which is very similar to that of Bordeaux, but slightly warmer and drier in the growing season.

36
Q

What is the capital of New South Wales (NSW)?

A

Sydney

37
Q

What is the most important red variety in Hunter Valley?

A

Shiraz, typically medium-bodied with medium to high alcohol, red and black fruits and spicy notes.

38
Q

What are most important white varieties in Hunter Valley?

A

The region is famous for its unique expression of Semillon but Chardonnay is also widely produced.

39
Q

What is the climate in Hunter Valley?

A

Almost tropical. It is one of the hotter and most humid wine-producing regions in Australia, often the first region to start and finish harvesting in Australia.

40
Q

How much oak treatment gets Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

Classic Hunter Semillon never sees oak.

41
Q

Describe Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

It is dry, light-bodied, high in acidity, and low in alcohol (10-11% abv). The wines have delicate citrus characters and may be fairly neutral in their youth; however, they can age for decades, developing more complex and pronounced aromas of toast, honey and hay with bottle ageing. The wines rarely see any oak.

42
Q

What is difference between Grange and Penfolds RWT?

A

Grange is multi-regional sourcing, aged in American oak, small % of CS; while RWT is single-region Barossa Valley Shiraz matured only in French oak. RWT first vintage is 1997.

43
Q

Who is producing “Hill of Grace” Shiraz?

A

Henschke, Eden Valley

44
Q

When was Grange introduced?

A

Vintage 1951 as “Grange Hermitage”. Winemaker Schubert.

45
Q

What is capital of state of Victoria?

A

Melbourne

46
Q

What are most important red varieties in Yarra Valley?

A

Black varieties make up two-thirds of all plantings, with Pinot Noir accounting for over half of those and produced in light to medium-bodied in style. Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon are grown successfully in the lower, warmer parts of the region but they are on the lighter spectrum for Aussie standards.

47
Q

What are most important white varieties in Yarra Valley?

A

Chardonnay makes up just over a quarter of plantings. The region was one of the first to move away from the fuller-bodied, oaky, tropical fruit style which dominated Australian Chardonnay for many years. Typically has aromas of white peach, grapefruit and melon.

48
Q

In which Australian region Moët & Chandon established Domaine Chandon?

A

Yarra Valley

49
Q

What is the capital of Western Australia?

A

Perth

50
Q

Name two most important regions in South West Australia Zone?

A

Margaret River and Great Southern

51
Q

What are most important red varieties in Margaret River?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon is the most planted black variety, often blended with Merlot to produce wines with medium (+) acidity, medium (+) to full body, high ripe tannins and flavours of blackberry, blackcurrant and spice. Many of the wines are in a Bordeaux style, matured in French oak, some or all of which will be new.

52
Q

What are most important white varieties in Margaret River?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon (usually blended together) are the most planted but premium wines are produced from Chardonnay and (high in acidity, with medium (+) to full body and concentrated stone fruit aromas).

53
Q

What are the most important red varieties in Great Southern?

A

Black varieties make up 59 per cent of plantings and Shiraz makes up over 30 per cent of the total. Other important is Cabernet Sauvignon.

54
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Great Southern?

A

Riesling is the flagship white variety, although significantly less planted than Sauvignon Blanc or Chardonnay.

55
Q

What are the best sub-regions for Sauvignon Blanc in Great Southern?

A

Albany and Denmark producing highly aromatic wines with green, herbaceous and gooseberry characteristics.

56
Q

What is capital of Tasmania?

A

Hobart

57
Q

What is climate in Tasmania?

A

The climate of Northern Tasmania is similar to that of Champagne or the Rheingau; and Southern Tasmania is even cooler; although long sunshine hours during the growing season promote slow; even ripening.

58
Q

What are two most planted varieties in Tasmania?

A

Pinot Noir (almost half of the total) and Chardonnay (around a quarter). These are widely used to make sparkling wine, but they are also commonly used for still wines.

59
Q

Describe Tasmanian Pinot Noir?

A

Tasmanian Pinot Noir is usually light to medium-bodied, with medium (+) to high acidity, medium alcohol and strawberry and cherry aromas. Warmer sites can give a riper, more intense style.

60
Q

Describe Tasmanian Chardonnay?

A

Chardonnay tends to be medium bodied with medium alcohol and flavours of apple, white peach and pear. The wines have naturally high acidity and will often undergo full malolactic conversion to soften the acidity and enhance texture. Virtually all the top wines undergo barrel fermentation for texture and better integration of oak flavours.

61
Q

Geographical Indications was introduced to protect the names of individual areas in 1994. Explain three tier system?

A

The hierarchical system defines 29 zones, 64 regions, and 10 subregion.

62
Q

Name four ascending levels Rutherglen Muscats are classified?

A

Rutherglen Muscat, Classic, Grand, and Rare (without any formal definition of any of the levels).

63
Q

Name five main wine companies in Australia?

A

In order of production, they are Accolade Wines, Casella Family Brands, Treasury Wine Estates, Pernod Ricard and Australian Vintage. These companies also account for around 87 per cent of all exports.

64
Q

How many ha of vine are planted in Australia for wine production?

A

146,000 ha. Peak was in 2007 with 170, 000

65
Q

What is Rutherglen Muscat?

A

One of the world’s sweetest; most ambrosial; and liqueur like wines. It is released as a blend of vintages; whether in its fresh and floral youth or after years even decades of aging; during which the wine darkens and develops nutty; rancio complexity and concentration.

66
Q

What Muscat is use in production of Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Brown Muscat (Muscat de Frontignan; or Muscat Rouge à Petit Grains)

67
Q

Where in Australia is produced the best Chardonnay?

A

Yarra Valley; alongside Margaret River in Western Australia; provides one of the top examples of Chardonnay in Australia.

68
Q

Where in Australia is produced the best Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Coonawarra (distinctive mint or eucalyptus aromas) and Margaret River (where is often blended with Merlot and the style is slightly riper with more subtle herbal notes).

69
Q

Where in Australia is produced the best Pinot Noir?

A

Pinot Noir is widely grown in cool and moderate regions such as Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula and Tasmania.

0. Unisea 2023 (22 decks)

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