Autoimmune diseases

Question 1

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Answer 1

(type II) autoantigen: Rh blood group antigens, I antigen

destruction of RBCs by complement and phagocytes, anemia (similar to drug induced HA)

Question 2

Autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura

Answer 2

(type II) autoantigen: platelet integrin gpIIb:IIIa

abnormal bleeding

Question 3

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Answer 3

(type II) autoantigen: Non-collagenous domain of basement membrane collagen type IV
glomerulonephritis, pulmonary hemorrhage

Question 4

Pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 4

(type II) autoantigen: epidermal cadherin

blistering of skin

Question 5

Acute rheumatic fever

Answer 5

(type II) autoantigen: streptococal cell wall antigens (Abs cross react with cardiac muscle)
arthritis, myocarditis, late scarring of heart valves

Question 6

Graves’ disease

Answer 6

(type II) autoantigen: thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor

hyperthyroidism

Question 7

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 7

(type II) autoantigen: acetylcholine receptor

progressive weakness

Question 8

Insulin-resistant diabetes

Answer 8

(type II) autoantigen: insulin receptor antagonist

hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis

Question 9

Hypoglycemia

Answer 9

(type II) autoantigen: insulin receptor agonist

hypoglycemia

Question 10

Subactute bacterial endocarditis

Answer 10

(type III) autoantigen: bacterial antigen

glomerulonephritis

Question 11

Mixed essential cryoglobullinemia

Answer 11

(type III) autoantigen: rheumatoid factor IgG complexes

systemic vasculitis

Question 12

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 12

(type III) autoantigen: DNA, histones, ribosomes, snRNP, scRNP
glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, arthritis (soluble Ag-Ab complex)

Question 13

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Answer 13

(type IV) autoantigen: pancreatic beta-cell antigen

beta-cell destruction (CD4 and CD8 T cells)

Question 14

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 14

(type IV) autoantigen: unknown synovial joint antigen
joint inflammation and destruction
IgM/G rheumatic factor to IgG-Fc (diagnosis and immune complex formation)

Question 15

Multiple sclerosis

Answer 15

(type IV) autoantigen: myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein
brain degeneration, paralysis (demyelination of CNS)

Question 16

Local skin Arthus reaction following injection of a drug that induces antibodies and forms Ag-Ab immune complexes

Answer 16

Type III

Question 17

Group A strep

Answer 17

rheumatic fever

Question 18

Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 18

Guillain-Barre

Question 19

Borrelia Burgdorferi

Answer 19

HLA-DR2, DR4

Lyme Disease

Question 20

Chlamydia

Answer 20

HLA-B27

Reiter’s syndrome

Question 21

Group A hemolytic streptococcus

Answer 21

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 22

Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s)

Answer 22

(Type II and IV) autoantigen: antithyrobglobulin and antithyroid peroxidase)
goiter, hypothyroidism

Question 23

Coxsackie A virus
Coxsackie B virus
echoviruses
rubella

Answer 23

HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8, DR4

Type 1 Diabetes

Question 24

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

Answer 24

(type IV) autoantigen: MBP and other myelin antigens

follows infection of vaccination

Question 25

Acute Inflammatory Polyneuropathy (Guillain Barre)

Answer 25

(type II and IV) autoantigen: to periheral nerve antigens

demyelination of peripheral nerves

Question 26

Anti-cardiolipin, lupus anticoagulant

Answer 26

SLE, antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 27

Anti-centromere

Answer 27

Limited scleroderma (CREST) syndrome

Question 28

Anti-desmoglein

Answer 28

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 29

Anti-glutamate decarboxylase

Answer 29

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 30

Anti-hemidesmosome

Answer 30

bullous pemphigoid

Question 31

Antihistone

Answer 31

drug-induced lupus

Question 32

Anti-smooth muscle

Answer 32

autoimmune hepatitis

Question 33

Anti-SSA, anti-SSB

Answer 33

Sjogren syndrome

Question 34

IgA antiendomysial, IgA ant-tissue transglutaminase

Answer 34

Celiac disease