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Clin Med Exam 1 > autoimmune disorders > Flashcards

autoimmune disorders Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammatory disease presenting with a wide range of articular and extraarticual findings

females are affected 3x more than men (reproductive years)

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2
Q

rheumatoid arthritis etiology

A

joint inflammation is a result of a massive infiltration of immune cells into the synovial fluid (symmetrical and bilateral presentation)

edematous (Swelling)

mycoplasma fermentans

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3
Q

rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis

A

PANNUS –> thickened synovium, a destructive granulation of tissue

inflammation and destruction target joint capsule

TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor)

IL-1, IL-6 –> pro-inflammatory, leads to tendon/lig laxity altering biomechanics/deformities

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4
Q

clinical manifestations RA

A

swan neck and boutonniere’s deformities

ulnar drift

Lhermitte’s sign (sudden shock feeling when moving head forward)

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5
Q

RA diagnostic criteria

A

sign and symptoms for 6 weeks

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6
Q

RA pharmacology

A

NSAIDs

corticosteroids

DMARDs

BRMs

immunosuppressants

Synovectomy

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7
Q

goal of RA treatment

A

reduce pain

maintain mobility

minima stiffness

edema

joint destruction

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8
Q

DMARDs RA

A

disease modify anti-rhematic drug

slow disease interfere w/ immune response

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9
Q

BRMs RA

A

biologic response modifiers

block or inactive TNF-alpha

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10
Q

immunosuppressants RA

A

methotrexate

anti-metabolite

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11
Q

synovectomy RA

A

reduce pain

joint damage

joint replacement

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12
Q

treatment RA

A

synovectomy

joint replacements

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13
Q

PT intervention RA

A

manage irrelevant damage

decrease pain, effusion (swelling), stiffness

correct/prevent joint deformity

maximize strength. flexibility, function

manage neurological issues

adaptive equipment

systemic disease = treat whole person

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14
Q

Sjogren’s syndrome

A

chronic arthritis-related disease that can affect several organs

most commonly the moisture producing glands but also joint, lungs, kidneys, liver

second most common autoimmune rheumatic disease in postmenopausal women

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15
Q

sjogren’s syndrome pathogenesis

A

exocrine gland destruction by t-lymphatic infiltrates

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16
Q

hallmark symptoms of sjogrens

A

dry mouth

dry eyes

fatigue

submandibular and parotid glands are swollen

Raynaud’s phenomenon

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17
Q

sjogren’s diagnosis

A

slit lamp test –> detect damage

schirmer’s test –> assesses degree of dryness

blood test –> to detect ANA, anti-SSA/anti-SSB, RF

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18
Q

sjogren’s treatment

A

no cure

can benefit from exercise

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19
Q

Behcet’s

A

rare disorder that cause chronic inflammation of the blood vessels

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20
Q

Behcet’s manifestations

A

mouth sores

eye inflammation

skin rashes

lesions

genital sores

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21
Q

Behcet’s treatment

A

lead to blindness

aim to reduce sign and symptoms

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22
Q

systemic lupus erythematosis

Study These Flashcards
A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder can affect any organ or system in the body

3x more common in african american women

23
Q

4 types of systemic lupus

Study These Flashcards
A

latent lupus

drug-induced lupus

anti-phospholipid antibody syndromes

late stage lupus

24
Q

latent lupus

Study These Flashcards
A

persist w/ sign/symptoms w/o develop classic SLE

25
drug-induced lupus
people w/o prior history whom the clinical/serologic manifestation when person taking drugs
26
anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome
b/w arterial/venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, immune thrombocytopenia w/ anti-bodies against cellular phospholipis
27
late stage lupus
chronic disease
28
clinical manifestations of systemic lupus
butterfly/malar rash cardiopulmonary abnormalities, emotional instability, anemia, amenorrhea
29
systemic lupus pharmacology
NSAIDS corticosteroids anti-coagulants anti-malarial agents
30
systemic lupus interventions
energy conservation ergonomic instruction conditioning and pain management monitor signs of infection
31
discoid lupus
chronic inflammatory disorder which affects only the skin (usually face, neck, scalp)
32
discoid lupus clinical manifestations
marked by skin eruptions on sun-exposure
33
risk factor for discoid lupus
smoking is a risk factors for discoid lesions (raised red, scaling plaques w/ follicular plugging)
34
discoid lupus treatment
topical intralesional or systemic medication
35
polymyositis v. dermatomyositis
two most common idiopathic inflammatory disease of muscle diffuse inflammatory myopathies that produce symmetrical weakness of striated muscles affects muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, neck and pharynx (anterior thigh is most common) -presents w/ difficulty going up stairs or getting out of a chair 3 prong intervention (medication, exercise, rest) 85% survival rate, 50% left with weakness, 20% disabled
36
dermatomyositis
when a rash is associated w/ polymyositis characteristic purplish rash appears on the eyelids w/ edema grotton's papules (red/violet, smooth or scaly patch on knuckles, knee, medial malleoli) anti-pruritic drugs (relieve itching)
37
systemic sclerosis
a diffuse connective tissue disease that causes fibrosis of the skin, joints, blood vessels and internal organs affects women 2-3x more than men with ration peaking at 15:1 during child bearing years
38
systemic sclerosis pathology
deposition of collagen in lining of the blood vessels and in b/w the skin cells endothelial injury, obliterative microvascular lesions increased vascular wall thickness ANS dysfunction
39
another name for systemic sclerosis
progressive systemic sclerosis scleroderma
40
what can systemic sclerosis be triggered by
mycoplasma
41
clinical manifestations of systemic sclerosis
mask like face sympathetic NS in overdrive Raynaud's neuropathy from carpal tunnel
42
stages of systemic sclerosis
edematous scleoritic atrophic
43
systemic sclerosis treatment
penicillamine to improve skin regular exercise maintains dermal/joint flexibility active/passive stretching contraction prevention antibiotics
44
polymyalgia rheumatica
"pain in many muscles" marked by diffused pain and stiffness that primarily affects the shoulder and pelvic girdle may be first manifestations of other serious illnesses occurs in elderly white females
45
polymyalgia rheumatica pathogenesis
subacromial and sub-deltoid bursitis iliopectineal bursitis and hip synovitis and predominant lesions
46
clinical manifestations polymyalgia rheaumatica
symmetrical and bilateral painful stiffness last more than one hour in the morning
47
diagnosis polymyalgia rheaumatica
rapid response to prednisone presence of C-reactive protein
48
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
before 16 years of age TNF and interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6) seem to be the primary cytokines responsible for many systemic features often mistake for "growing pains" arthritis in one or more joints for at least 6 weeks
49
pauciarticular JIA (PaJIA)
oligoarthritis generally affects 4 or few joints three subtypes (ANA uvetis (eye), spinal involvement and only joint involvement (50% of cases))
50
polyarticular HIA (PoJIA)
affects 5 or more joints two subtypes (rheumatoid factor positive and only having joint involvement (40% of cases)
51
systemic onset JIA (SoJIA)
still's disease most severe extra articular manifestations
52
Psoriatic JIA
presents with psoriasis, arthritis and at least two of the follow: dactylitis (inflammation of a digit), nail abnormalities and a family history of psoriasis
53
enthesitis related arthritis
presents as inflammation of the tendon attachments to the bone, especially along the spine and Achille's tendon along with arthritis

Clin Med Exam 1 (8 decks)

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