Automated and emerging technologies Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is an automated system?
A combination of hardware and software that operates without human intervention.
What converts sensor data from analogue to digital in an automated system?
Analogue-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
What component processes data in an automated system?
Microprocessor
What executes actions in an automated system?
Actuators (e.g., motors, wheels)
Name two advantages of automated systems.
Faster and safer; higher productivity
Name two disadvantages of automated systems.
Expensive to set up; over-reliance can lead to skill loss
What is the goal of machine learning?
To enable machines to learn from experience and improve over time
What is robotics?
The design, construction, and operation of robots.
What are Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics?
-Do not harm humans
-Obey humans (unless it breaks Law 1)
-Protect itself (unless it breaks Laws 1 or 2)
Name three characteristics of a robot.
Can sense surroundings, has movement, programmable
What’s the difference between independent and dependent robots?
Independent robots work alone; dependent robots need human input
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of using robots.
Advantage: Can work 24/7; Disadvantage: Expensive to install
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Simulated human intelligence in machines.
What are the three types of AI?
Narrow AI, General AI, Strong AI
Name three characteristics of AI.
Can collect data and rules, reason, and learn
What is an expert system?
AI that mimics human decision-making using knowledge and inference
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of expert systems.
Advantage: High accuracy; Disadvantage: High setup costs
What is machine learning?
A subset of AI where machines learn from data
How is AI different from machine learning?
AI simulates thinking; ML learns patterns from data
