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Therapeutics I > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

ANS is apart of which other nervous system?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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2
Q

ANS regulates activity of ______ and ________, glands, lymphoid, and some adipose tissue

A

smooth and cardiac muscle

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3
Q

where is the first neuron in the ANS found?

A

CNS

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4
Q

Where is the second neuron of the ANS found?

A

PNS

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5
Q

the first neuron is also called the _____?

A

preganglionic neuron

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6
Q

the second neuron is also called the ____?

A

postganglionic neuron

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7
Q

the primary transmitter of all preganglionic neurons is

A

acetylcholine

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8
Q

transmitter in ALL PSNS postganglionic neurons is

A

acetylcholine

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9
Q

transmitter in most SNS postganglionic neurons is

A

norepinephrine

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10
Q

postganglionic neuron- peripheral or central

A

peripheral

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11
Q

what neurotransmitter do we have in sweat glands?

A

acetylcholine

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12
Q

what neurotransmitter do we have in adrenal medulla?

A

epinephrine

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13
Q

what neurotransmitter do we have in renal vasculature

A

dopamine

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14
Q

preganglionic neurons have a (short/long) path to the parasympathetic nervous system

A

long

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15
Q

parasympathetic nervous system has which type of receptor

A

muscarinic

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16
Q

preganglionic neurons release ______ to activate ______ receptors on postganglionic neurons

A

acetylcholine, nicotine

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17
Q

postganglionic neurons have a (long/short) path in the parasympathetic nervous system

A

short

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18
Q

postganglionic neurons release ______ to activate ______ receptors on the target organ

A

acetylcholine, muscarinic

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19
Q

preganglionic neurons have a (long/short) path to the sympathetic nervous system

A

short

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20
Q

describe the synapse involved between preganglionic neurons and the sympathetic nervous system

A

postganglionic neurons near spinal cord

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21
Q

describe the synapse involved between preganglionic neurons and the parasympathetic nervous system

A

postganglionic neurons at or near organ

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22
Q

describe the synapse between postganglionic neurons and the parasympathetic nervous system

A

synapse on the target organ

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23
Q

describe the synapse between postganglionic neurons and the sympathetic nervous system

A

synapse on the target organ

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24
Q

what neurotransmitter is released when we get sweaty palms

A

norepinephrine

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25
postganglionic neurons involved with thermoregulation release ______
acetylcholine
26
adrenal glands release ______ into systemic circulation
epinephrine
27
kidneys are affected by what neurotransmitter?
dopamine
28
which neurotransmitter is mainly synthesized locally- not in the ANS
dopamine
29
most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release what neurotransmitter? (asked twice=important)
norepinephrine
30
drugs are mostly (pre/post)ganglionic?
postganglionic
31
parasympathetic or sympathetic: Cholinergic
parasympathetic
32
parasympathetic or sympathetic: Adrenergic
sympathetic
33
muscarine and nicotine are part of which nervous system?
parasympathetic
34
acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are exogenous or endogenous
endogenous
35
what two cholinergic compounds are exogenous
muscarine and nicotine
36
drugs that mimic neurotransmitters are referred to as
receptor agonists
37
drugs that block neurotransmitters are referred to as
receptor antagonists
38
what are the two primary ANS receptors?
cholinoceptors and adrenoceptors
39
cholinoreceptors consist of which two subreceptors?
muscarinic and nicotinic
40
adrenoreceptors consist of which two subreceptors?
alpha and beta
41
nicotine receptors are found where?
ganglionic, skeletal muscle, neuronal CNS
42
nicotinic receptor has how many subunits
5
43
nicotinic receptor: open _____-gated __ channels depolarize the membrane, lead to opening of _____-gated __ channels to produce action potential
ligand, Na+, voltage, sodium
44
everything that is cholinergic deals with which neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
45
all muscarinic receptors are _______
GCPRs
46
M1, M3, and M5 signal transduction goes through which g protein
Gq
47
M2 and M4 signal transduction goes through which g protein
Gi
48
Gq pathway goes through ___ and ___
IP3 and DAG
49
most common second messenger in regards to Gi and Gs
cAMP
50
main function of a1 receptor
mediate vasoconstriction
51
a1 mostly found where
smooth muscle
52
a1 signals via ___ pathway
Gq
53
a2 signals via __ pathway
Gi
54
a2 found (pre/post) synaptically and function as autoreceptors to inhibit _________ ________
pre, sympathetic output
55
B1, B2, B3 subtypes signal via ___ pathway
Gs
56
M and B receptors are (opposing/unopposing)
opposing
57
many drugs exhibit _________ effects
anticholinergic
58
ANS deals with which common health topics
Blood pressure, heart function, bronchoconstriction/dilation
59
pharmacology of sympathetic mechanisms involving ________ and ______ and their receptors = adrenergic pharmacology
norepinephrine and epinephrine
60
pharmacology of parasympathetic mechanisms involving _________ and its receptors= cholinergic pharmacology
acetylcholine
61
adrenergic response in the heart: (increase/decrease) rate of contraction and force of contraction
increase, increase
62
cholinergic response in the heart: (increase/decrease) rate of contraction and force of contraction
decrease, decrease
63
mainly which receptor for adrenergic response in the heart
B1
64
mainly which subunit for cholinergic response in the heart
M2
65
3 sites with predominant tone that is sympathetic
arterioles, veins, sweat glands
66
important target for bronchodilation (one of the subunits)
B2

Therapeutics I (4 decks)

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