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Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Organophosphate

A

long acting indirect cholinergic agonist

well absorbed and lipid soluble, CNS distribution

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2
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Blood pressure

A

M3

minimal effect

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3
Q

Short acting Indirect Cholinergic agonists

A

Edrophonium

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4
Q

Female Genetalia

A

B2

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5
Q

Beta blocker uses

A

Angina pectoris, MI (metoprolol, cavedilol), SVT, HTN, HF, Glaucome

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6
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Lung

A

M3

Bronchodilation, decreased lung secretions

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7
Q

GI receptors

A

Beta 2, Alpha 1, M

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8
Q

Receptors @ Blood Vessels - Adrenergic

A

Alpha 1 and Beta 2

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9
Q

Pilocarpine

A

alkaloid
Cholinergic agonist
Lipid soluble with good CNS distribution
NOT degraded by AChE

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10
Q

Mirabgron

A

B3 agonst selective

Used for OAB

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11
Q

Choline Ester -

A

Direct Cholinergic Agonist

Poor lipid solubility and CNS distribution

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12
Q

Bethanechol

A

synthetic ACh - choline ester
Cholinergic agonist
Selective to M and resistant to AChE
Poor lipid solubility and distribution into CNS

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13
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Thermoregulation

A

M3

Stop sweating to increase body temperature

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14
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Thermoregulation

A

NONE!

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15
Q

Dopamine

A

D1 selective

Bradycardia, HR, shock, inotropic and chronotropic alpha effects

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16
Q

Receptors @ GU - Cholinergic

A

M3

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17
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ GI

A

NONE

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18
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ CNS

A

M1

Memory, Cognition, movement

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19
Q

alpha 2 antagonist side effects

A

dry mouth, drowsiness, sympathetic overactivity

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20
Q

Selectivity for Epinephrine

A

Alpha 1 ,2, Beta 1 ,2 ,

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21
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ GI

A

M3

Increase motility, increase salivation

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22
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ GU

A

B2-3: detrusor relax
alpha 1: close urethral sphincter
Beta 2: uterine relaxation

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23
Q

Eye Receptors

A

Alpha 1

M

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24
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Eye

A

Beta 1-2

decreased aqueous humor production

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25
Types of Direct Muscarinic agonists
Choline esters and Alkaloid
26
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ CNS
Alpha 1 - increased vigilance and focus
27
Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists
Proarrhythmic precipitate angina, MI Hypertension, with reflex bradycardia Cerebral and pulmonary hemorrhage Hypotension if unopposed by alpha (for Beta 2) Insomnia, anxiety, restlessness, paranoia
28
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Blood Pressure
M3 | to decrease Blood Pressure
29
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Heart
Beta 1 | decreased heart rate and contractility
30
Physostigmine
Reversbile, intermediate acting cholinergic agonist | Well absorbed, CNS distribution
31
Receptors @ CNS - Cholinergic
M1
32
Phenozybenzamine
``` Irreverisble alpha (nonselective) antagonist. Used preoperatively to prevent catecholamine hypertensive crisis. SE of orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachy ```
33
Receptors @ Blood Vessels - Cholinergic
M3 - not innervated by PNS though..
34
Use of Bathenochol
Urinary Retention and Paralytic Ileus | Bethany - call me to activate you bowels and bladder
35
Isoproterenol
B1 and B2 selective agonists | EEG of tachyarrhythmias
36
Sid effects for Adrenergic Antagonists
Bradycardia and heart block Decreased perfusion due to B2 vasoconstriction Sedation va alpha 2 agonist to decrase BP (Via central effect) Bronchospasm Dry mouth due to Alpha 2 agonist Depressed mood Sleep disturbances
37
Alpha 1 block side effects
less reflex tachy, but postural hypotension
38
Oxybutynin
Muscarinic Block Tertiary amine GU - reduces bladder spasms and overactive bladder
39
Receptors @ CNS - Adrenergic
Alpha 1
40
Phenylephrine
Alpha 1 selective agonist | used for hypotension, ocular procedures, rhinitis
41
Uses of Adrenergic Agonists
``` Cardiogenic Shock Hyoptensive Shock Nasal Decongestant Eye exam Myadriasis Overactive Bladder Premature Labor ADHD ```
42
Prazosin
Alpha 1 selective antagonist Reversible used: BPH, PTSD, HTN SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache
43
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Blood Vessels
M3 | no effect - no basal muscarinic tone to antagonize
44
Side effects of Cholinergic Agonists
Hypotension (blood pressure), Bronchoconstriction and increased secretions (lungs), Diarrhea (GI)
45
Beta 1 block side effects
decreased contractility precipitates CHF
46
NE vs Isoproternol
NE: increases systolic and diastolic pressures (due to Alpha1 vasoconstriction) --> increase MAP--> reflex bradycardia. Iso: little alpha effect, but causes B2 vasodilation --> dec MAP --> increase HR
47
Side Effects of cholinergic antagonists
``` Tachycardia, increased body temp (thermoregulation) Drying of lungs Blurred Vision (cycloplegia) Exacerbate glaucoma - decrease outflow Dry mouth Constipation (decrease GI motility) Sedation and confusion ```
48
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Heart
B1 | Increase heart rate and contractility
49
Receptors @ lunch - Adrenergic
B2
50
Selectivity for NE
Apha 1, 2, Beta 1
51
Physosotigmine
used for anticholinergic toxicity (Crosses BBB). Physosigmine Phyxes atropine overdose
52
Receptors @ GI - Adrenergic
none
53
Propanolol
Beta blocker (1 and 2)
54
Long acting indirect Cholinergic Agonists
Isofluorophate organophosphate Covalent phosphorylation to serine to make inactive.
55
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Blood pressure
Alpha1 and Beta 1 - Increase BP | Beta 2 - decrease BP
56
Uses of Adrenergic Antagonists
``` HTN, angina, arrhythmias, CHF Glaucoma Micturition disorders BPH Stage fright essential tremor ```
57
Dobutamine
Beta 1 selective agonist | used for HR, and cardiac stress test
58
Receptors @ GU - adrenergic
Alpha 1, Beta 2, 3
59
Receptor @ Heart - Cholinergic
M2
60
Receptors for Blood Pressure - Adrenergic
Alpha1, Beta 1, and Beta 2
61
Terbutaline
AR agonist | used for premature labor
62
Tolterodine
Muscarinic Block Tertiary amine GU - reduces bladder spasms and overactive bladder
63
Male Genitalia Receptors
Alpha 1, M
64
Neostigmine vs. Physostigmine
Physostigmine goes into CNS!
65
Receptors @ lung - Cholinergic
M3
66
Intermediate acting indirect Cholinergic agonist
Neostigmine and Physostigmine | Reversible covalent bond of carbonyl group (rather than acetyl)
67
What are Cholinergic Antagonists used for?
``` Bradycardia (heart) Asthma Eye Exams To create dry field by decreasing salivation Overactive Bladder Diarrhea Parkinson's Disease Anti-emetic ```
68
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Heart
M2 | Decrease Heart Rate, Atrial Contraction, conduction (AV node)
69
Beta block side effects
hypoglycemia, sedation, depression
70
Phentolamine
Reversible nonselective alpha antagonist. Given to patients on MAO inhibitions who eat tyramine foods. SE: ortho hypo and Reflex tachy
71
Atropine
Muscarinic Block Tertiary Alkaloid uses; Bradycardia and ophthalamic applications increase pupil dilation, cycloplegia, decreases airway secretion, decreases stomach acid secretion, decrease GI motility, decrease urinary urgency in cystitis.
72
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ CNS
M1 | Sedation and Confusion
73
NE
Alph1>alpha2>Beta1 selective agonist | used for Hypotension
74
Carvedilol
Beta 1, 2, and alpha 1 blocker
75
Nicotine Agonist vs. Antagonist
Agonist - at low doses to cause increase SNS in CV and increases GI motility due to increase ACh, and euphoria, attention, arousal. Antagonist - at high dosese due to depolarizing blocking agent.
76
Metoprolol
Beta 1 blocker
77
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Eye
Alpha 1 - mydriasis | Beta - increased humor production
78
Albuterol
Beta 2 selective agonist | Acute asthma treatment
79
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ GI
Alpha 2 agonist - Dry mouth
80
Clonidine
Alpha2 agonist Used for hypertensive urgency, ADHD, and tourette syndrome Cause CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, dry mouth, and miosis
81
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ GU
Alpha 1 - open sphincter
82
what increases absorption in Adrenergic agonists
NON catechols (not substrates for catechol O methyl transferase in Liver) methyl on alpha carbon (ephedrine and amphedamine)
83
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Heart
M2 | Increase Heart Rate
84
Heart Receptors
Beta 1 and M2
85
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ GI
M3 | Decreased salivation, decrease GI motility
86
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Lung
M3 | Bronchoconstriction and Increased Lung Secretions
87
Doxazosin
Alpha 1 selective antagonist Reversible used: BPH, PTSD, HTN SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache
88
Uses of Pilocarpine
potent stimulator of sweat, tears and saliva. Resistant to AChE Glaucoma Xerostomia "You cry, drool, and sweat on our PILOw"
89
Receptors for Thermoregulation - cholinergic
M3 ONLY - through activated by SNS
90
Neostigmine uses
Urinary Retention Paralytic ileus Reversal of neuromuscular blocks
91
Donepezil
Indirect cholinergic agonist used to treat AD
92
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Blood Vessels
Alpha 1 - vasodilation | Beta 2 - vasoconstriction
93
Cholinergic Agonist vs. Adrenergic Antagonist - Heart
Both decrease HR and Contractility, only Cholinergic decrease conduction from AV node. Beta 1 blockers used for HTN, angina, treatment of arrhythmias, and CHF
94
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ CNS
Beta - depressed mood
95
Receptor @ Heart - Adrenergic
Beta 1
96
Ipatropium
Muscarinic antagonist quaternary amine used for asthma tx with tiotripium
97
which cholinergic agonists are in CNS?
Pilocarpine, Physostigmine, Organophosphates
98
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Blood Vessels
M3 | Vasodilation - not innervated by PNS so no real effects
99
Epineprhine
All, but Beta more than alpha agonists | Anaphylaxis, asthma, glaucoma.
100
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Blood Vessels
Alpha 1 - vasoconstriction and hypertension | Beta 2 - vasodilation (skeletal muscles)
101
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Lung
B2 | bronchospasm
102
Lung Receptors
Beta 2 and M
103
Adrenal Medulla Receptors
Nicotinic Neuronal
104
Neostigmine
Reversbile, intermediate acting cholinergic agonist quaternary carbamate poor absorption and no CNS distribution
105
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ GU
M3 | Block Detrouser
106
Quaternary amines (antiM)
poor absorption and no CNS distribution Renal excretion Low lipid solubility
107
Tertiary amines (anti M)
Good GI abosprtion and CNS distribution | Hepatic and Renal elimination
108
Lacrimal Glands Receptors
M
109
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Thermoregulation
M3 | Increase sweating - heat loss
110
Edrophonium
reversible, short acting by ion bond formation | used to diagnose Myasthenia gravis, but now an Anti-AChR Ab is used.
111
Atenolol
Beta 1 blocker
112
Scopolamine
Muscarinic Block Tertiary Alkaloid Good skin absoprtion Anti emetic, motion sickness
113
Pyridostigmine
Used for Myasthenia gravis, does not penetrate CNS LONG acting pyRIDostiGMine gets RID of MYasthenia Gravis
114
Benzotropine
muscarinic block tertiary amine --> CNS used to treat PD (park my benz)
115
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Eye
``` M3 Miosis (constriction), Accomodation for near vision, increase aqueous humor OUTFLOW ```
116
Salivary Gland Receptors
Alpha 1 and M
117
Receptors for Blood Pressure - Cholinergic
M3
118
types of antimuscarinics
alkalois and semisyntethetic/synthetic
119
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Eye
M3 | Mydriasis, Cycloplegia, decreased outflow
120
Receptors @ GI - Cholinergic
M3
121
Ureters and Bladder Receptors
Beta 2, Alpha 1, M
122
Receptors @ eye - Adrenergic
alpha 1, some Beta
123
Kidney Receptors
Beta 1
124
Blood Vessels Sk Muscle
Beta 2
125
Pralidoxime
Cholinesterase Regenerators | binds to organophosphate and inactivatesd AChE to free AChE in cases of Nicotinic overstimulation. (Get rid of ACh)
126
Side Effects of nonselective alpha block
``` postrual hypotension, reflex tachycardia nasal congestion inhibits ejaculation GI upset Sedation fatigue ```
127
Isofluofophate
long acting indirect cholinergic agonist
128
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Lung
Beta 2 | Bronchodilation
129
What increase adrenergic agonists into CNS?
increase with non catechols | ephedrine and amphedamine
130
Labetaolol
Beta 1 ,2 and alpha 1 blocker
131
(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Blood pressure
``` Alpha 1, beta 1, decrease BP Alpha 2 (Agonist) - decrease BP ```
132
(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ GU
M3 | Increase Detruser Contraction
133
Beta 2 block side effects
worsen asthma, increases triglycerides and cholesterol
134
Atropine toxicity
No see No Pee NO spit No shit
135
Receptors @ eye - Cholinergic
M3
136
what are cholinergic agonists used to treat?
``` Glaucoma Xerostomia Urinary retention Constipation AD Myasthenia Gravis ```
137
Blood Vessels
Alpha 1
138
Terazosin
Alpha 1 selective antagonist Reversible used: BPH, PTSD, HTN SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache

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