autonomic nervous system

Question 1

autonomic pregangilionic neurons are

Answer 1

myelinated

Question 2

post ganglionic neurons in autonomic system are

Answer 2

unmyelinated

Question 3

SNS innervagion is from

Answer 3

T1-L2: thoracolumbar cell bodies

Question 4

parasympathetic innervation is

Answer 4

craniosacral: cranial nerve nuclei and sacral region of the spinal cord

Question 5

no PNS trunk instead—

Answer 5

its ganglia all exist in the periphery, close to the organs they innervate

Question 6

PNS does not go to

Answer 6

uterus, cardiac muscle, uterus, sweat glands and goosebumps skeletal muscle and only a few BV

Question 7

sympathetic preganglionic fibers

Answer 7

NT: acetylcholine
receptor: cholinergic

Question 8

sympathetic postganglionic

Answer 8

NT: norepinephrine
Receptor: adrenergic

Question 9

parasympatethic pre and post ganglionic

Answer 9

NT: acetylcholine
receptor: adrenergic

Question 10

___ is a modified sympathetic ganglion

Answer 10

adrenal medulla

hit by ACH pumps out E, NE into blood

Question 11

a-adrenergic receptors

Answer 11

a1: excitiation : squeeze things, BV, urethral sphincter
a2: relaxation/ inhibition

Question 12

b-adrenergic receptors

Answer 12

B1: increase HR and contracitility, renin release
B2: facilitates all the rest: relaxes muscles of bronchi and bladder
B3: mediates lipolysis and thermogeneisi

Question 13

nicotinic receptors

Answer 13

PNS
all ACH receptors on postganglionic cells are nicotinic
all at NMJ

Question 14

muscarinic locations

Answer 14

cardiac, exocrine glands, CNS, GI and smooth muscle

Question 15

MSG is a ___ dz

Answer 15

nicotinic receptor dz

Question 16

how treat MSG?

Answer 16

neostigmine: ACHE inhibitor
steroids
plasmaphoresis

Question 17

most common location for primary spinal cord injury

Answer 17

C1-L2

Question 18

primary spinal injury

Answer 18

crush, torsion, severing

Question 19

Secondary spinal cord injury

Answer 19

swelling, delayed tissue destruction

Question 20

spinal cord swelling in __ region = life threatening

Answer 20

cervical spinal region

Question 21

spinal shock

Answer 21

complete loss of reflex function, flaccid paralysis, sensory deficit and loss of bladder and rectal control in all segments below the level of the lesion

Question 22

complications of spinal shock

Answer 22

poor venous circulation

Question 23

excitotoxicity

Answer 23

when damage to CNS release glutamate and aspartate which leads to cellular damage - depends on many factors

Question 24

neurogenic shock

Answer 24

due to loss of sympathetic outflow - presynaptic neurons cannot get to SNS truknk

occurs with cervical or upper thoracic spinal cord injury

Question 25

autonomic dysfunction

Answer 25

occurs with lesions above T7 | sudden massive reflex SNS discharge with no opposing PSNS

Question 26

sx seen with autonomic dysfucntion

Answer 26

HTN up to 300 mg brady cardia pounding HA, blurred vision, sweating above the lesion with flushing of the skin, piloerection