Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
(30 cards)
Where do preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate?
spinal cord from a cell body in the intermediolateral cell column (extending from T1 to L2)
Which ramus do preganglionic fibers course through?
white ramus
Where do postganglionic sympathetic fibers originate?
sympathetic change ganglia or prevertebral ganglia
What type of fibers are sympathetic nerves?
type C
What are splanchic nerves?
preganglionic sympathetic fibers that pass through the sympathetic chain without synapsing and go straight to the adrenal medulla
Sympathetic fibers from what spinal level supply the head?
T1
Sympathetic fibers from what spinal level supply the neck?
T2
Sympathetic fibers from what spinal level supply the thorax?
T3-T6
Sympathetic fibers from what spinal level supply the abdomen?
T7 - T11
Sympathetic fibers from what spinal level supply the lower limbs?
T12-L2
In what nerves are parasympathetic fibers found?
CN III, VII, IX, X (75%)
S1-S4
Preganglionic autonomic fibers are _______ (receptor type).
Cholinergic
Post ganglionic parasympathetic fibers are _______ (receptor type).
Cholinergic
Post ganglionic sympathetic fibers are ________ (receptor type).
Adrenergic except for fibers going to sweat, piloerectors, and blood vessels (Muscarinic)
What is the mechanism of Resperine?
blocks NE synthesis and storage; prevents DA uptake into vesicles
What is the effect of Gaunethidine?
decreases NE release
Phenylepherine stimulate _____ receptor(s).
alpha receptors
Name two alpha blockers.
Phentolamine and Phenoxybenzamine
Name three autonomic (primarily sympathetic) ganglionic blockers. What is their overall effect?
hexamethonium, TEA, Pentolinim
decrease BP
Name two muscarinic receptor agonists.
pilocarpine and methacholine
Name three muscarinic receptor blockers.
atropine, pertussis toxin, and scopolamine
Name three reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
neostigmine, pyridostigmine, physostigmine
Name the irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
organophosphates
Name three ACh receptor agonists.
ACh, nicotine, and methacholine
