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PHARMA MT > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Responsible for controlling involuntary, autonomic bodily functions

A

ANS

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2
Q

Baroreceptor reflex (vasomotor center in the brainstem)

A

Blood Pressure (BP)

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3
Q

Responsible for elimination (emptying of bowel and bladder)

A

Sacral Spinal Cord

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4
Q

Thermoregulation processes

A

Sweating and peripheral vasoconstriction

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5
Q

ANS Sympathetic Division

(SYMPATHORA)

A

Thoracolumbar

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6
Q

Parasympathetic Division

PARACRANIO

A

Craniosacral

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7
Q

Enteric System - Myenteric Plexus

My Entauer Bach

A

Auerbach Plexus

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8
Q

Enteric System - Submucous

A

Meissner Plexus

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9
Q

Parasympha System Receptor

A

Muscarinic

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10
Q

Sympathetic Organization arises from:

A

Intermediolateral Gray Column

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11
Q

Sympathetic Ganglia Locations

A
  • Paired paravertebral chain/ganglia
  • Unpaired: Celiac plexus, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia
  • Terminal ganglia directly in the tissue they innervate (bladder and rectum)
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12
Q

Parasympathetic Organization arises from

A

Midbrain and Brainstem, and the Sacrum

CN: 3, 7, 9, 10, a

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13
Q

Contributes 75% of eferent component of the parasympathetic division

A

CN 10

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14
Q

Usually embedded in the innervated organ or tissue

A

Parasympathetic ganglia

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15
Q
  • Synthesizes and secretes norepinephrine (20%) and epinephrine (80%)
  • Innervated by sympathetic neuron
  • Augments SNS during F or Fl response
A

Adrenal Medulla

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16
Q

Most sympathetic postganglionic neuron use norepinephrine and are referred to as “adrenergic” EXCEPT

A
  • Sweat glands (cholinergic)
  • Certain blood vessels in the face, neck, and LE (cholinergic)
17
Q

Located at acetylcholine synapses

A

Cholinergic receptors

(Nicotinic and Muscarinic)

18
Q

Located in both pre and post ganglionic synapses of SNS and PNS

Type 1 or Nn - ANS
Type 2 or Nm - skeletal NMJ

A

NICOTINIC RECEPTOR

19
Q

5 subtypes M1-M5

CNS - M1, M4, M5

Heart - M2

M3 - Bladder detrusor, pancreatic insulin release

A

Muscarinic

20
Q

Located at norepinephrine synapses

A

Adrenergic Receptors

21
Q

Stimulate GI and bladder tissues post-abdominal surgery; urinary retention

A

Bethanechol

22
Q

Stimulate sweat, tears, and saliva; glaucoma; dry mouth/xerostomia (Sjogren syndrome)

A

Pilocarpine

23
Q

Constricts the pupil; used for intra-op miosis induction; glaucoma

A

Carbachol

24
Q

used to test for airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma

A

Methacholine Challenge Test/Bronchial provocation test

25
Q

Progressive neurodegenerative d/o that affects older adults

Neuronal atrophy, neurofibrillary tangles, plaques

Neuronal degeneration of cholinergic neurons in critical memory, cognition, higher functions

A

Alzheimer Disease

26
Q

Indirect cholinergic agents, inhibit breakdown of Ach (TaDoGaRi)

A

Tacrine
Donepezil
Galantamine
Rivastigmine

27
Q

Autoimmune

diminished number of functional cholinergic receptors located POSTSYNAPTICALLY at the NMJ

Skeletal muscle weakness and fatiguability

A

Myasthenia Gravis

28
Q

Myasthenia Gravis drugs (ANP)

A

Ambenomium
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine

29
Q

These drugs attempt to diminish the response of tissues to cholinergic stimulation

Function as competitive agonists, binding reversibly to cholinergic receptors, but do not activate it

Classified as antimuscarinic or antinicotinic

A

Anticholinergic Drugs

30
Q

Antinicotinic drugs

Specific for the nicotinic receptor located in the autonomic ganglia (NN)

Used to treat extremely high blood pressure and hypertensive emergencies

A

Trimethypan, Mecamylamine

31
Q

Aka HYOSCYAMINE

Prototypical antimuscarinic anticholinergic drug

From BELLADONA and JIMSONWEED extracts

Block postsynaptic cholinergic muscarinic receptor

Used to treat symptomatic BRADYCARDIA by reversing effects of vagal discharge

AV Nodal block
Ventricular Asystole

A

Atropine

32
Q

● Used to decrease respiratory
secretions during general anesthesia
● Alleviate urinary frequency and
incontinence caused by hypertonic
bladder (neurogenic bladder)
● Used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis)
during ophthalmologic exam by
blocking the cholinergic receptor to the
pupillary sphincter muscle
● Used in Cholinergic poisoning (ie.
organophosphate

A

Atropine

33
Q

Atropine Side Effects

A

Hot as a Hare (inc temp)
Mad as a Hatter (inc HR, disorientation)
Red as a Beet
Dry as a Bone (dry, flushed skin, urinary retention)
Cyclopegia

34
Q

Movement DO due to lack of dopamine in BG, leading to central cholinergic synapse overactivity

A

Parkinson’s Disease

35
Q

PD Anticholinergic Drugs (BBT)

A

Benztropine
Biperiden
Trihexyphenidyl

36
Q

Motion sickness drug (juSCOPO daw masuka na ko)

A

Scopolamine

37
Q

Used to treat bronchospasms in COPD and asthma; often in combi with beta-2 agonists (OTium)

A

OIpatropium, Tiotropium

38
Q

Anticholinergic Drugs SE

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia

CNS:
confusion, dizziness, nervousness, drowsiness

PHARMA MT (5 decks)

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