Patient-Controlled Analgesia Flashcards
First introduced in the 1980s as an alternative way to administer analgesic meds
PCA
• single large dose given initially
• bring levels of the analgesic to the therapeutic window
LOADING DOSE
Amount of drug self-administered by px each time he activates PCA delivery
DEMAND DOSE
Minimum amount of time allowed between each demand dose
LOCKOUT INTERVAL
Limiting total amt of drug given in a 1 or 4 hr period
1- and 4-hour limits
Small amt of analgesic continuously infused to maintain low level bg analgesia
BACKGROUND INFUSION RATE
Occur when patient activates PCA delivery system and receives a demand dose
SUCCESSFUL DEMAND
Powerful analgesics that act primarily on the BRAIN and SC to inhibit transmission and perception of nociceptive impulses
OPIOIDS (morphine, meperidine, tramadol, fentanyl, fentanyl derivatives [alfentayl, remifentanil, sufentanil])
Block transmission along afferent sensory neurons and increase sensation at SC level when used epidurally
LOCAL ANESTHETICS such as bupivacaine and ropivacaine
Most basic type of external pump
SIMPLE SYRINGE DRIVER
Most basic type of external pump
SIMPLE SYRINGE DRIVER
Peristaltic pump
SECOND TYPE
Works by drawing the med into a fluid container within the puml and expelling the selected amt out of the chamber into tubing that leads to the px
CASETTE SYSTEM
• placed beneath patient’s skin
• contain reservoir filled with medication
• some use a rotary peristaltic mechanism to milk medication out of pump
INTERNAL (IMPLANTABLE) PUMP
Most common method of systemic PCA administration
IV PCA
