Aviation Toxicology

Question 1

What is an occupational hazard?

Answer 1

Anything capable of producing an adverse health effect

Question 2

2 types of toxic exposure types

Answer 2

Acute and Chronic

Question 3

Acute

Answer 3

short term exposure (such as smoke in the cockpit)

Question 4

Chronic

Answer 4

long-term exposure (such as smoking)

Question 5

Routes of Entry Principle for Toxins

Answer 5

Inhalation Absorption Ingestion

Question 6

Inhalation

Answer 6

toxins enter throgh the lungs

Question 7

Absorption

Answer 7

toxins enter through the skin

Question 8

Ingestion

Answer 8

toxins enter through the mouth

Question 9

In the aviation environment which route of entry is considerd the most improtant

Answer 9

Inhalation

Question 10

Excretion

Answer 10

How quickly the body gets rid of toxins

Question 11

Retention

Answer 11

How long a toxin stays in body

Question 12

Which organs are responsible for filtering out and excreting toxins

Answer 12

The liver and kidneys

Question 13

Physiological Principles regarding effects of toxins

Answer 13

Determined by individual’s: Metabolism, Body Composition, and Genetics

Question 14

What are some Aviation toxic substances

Answer 14

Aviation Fuels, Aviation Fuel Combustion, Solvents/Degreasers, Lubricants, Hydraulic Fluids, Fire Extinguishers, Composites/Plastics.

Question 15

What is the most primary concern regarding toxins from JP fuels

Answer 15

Inhalation of fumes/vapors

Question 16

What is the most common and toxic substance in the aviation environment

Answer 16

Carbon Monoxide

Question 17

What are some of the effects of CO intoxication?

Answer 17

Headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea, confusion, and loss of consciousness.

Question 18

What is the easiest way to remember the effects of carbon monoxide exposure

Answer 18

early symptoms look like the flu

Question 19

What is the source of carbon monoxide

Answer 19

byproduct of incomplete combustion – e.g. exhaust

Question 20

What is a primary concern regarding hydraulic fluids

Answer 20

Fluids are maintained under high pressures, inhalation of aerosolized particles

Question 21

What is the principle hazard of composites

Answer 21

inhalation of microscopic fibers/particles that embed in the lungs and cause an asbestos like reaction

Question 22

What is the primary hazard of plastics

Answer 22

Burning of plastics releases Cyanide, Phosgene, and Flourine

Question 23

_________ is anything capable of producing an adverse health effect on a worker.

Answer 23

Occupational hazard

Question 24

__________ is a long term exposure to an agent or a series of repeated exposures to an agent that lead to adverse health effects.

Answer 24

Chronic exposure

Question 25

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Is exposure of an agent over a short period of time that can cause adverse health changes

Answer 25

Acure exposure

Question 26

How long a toxin is kept in the body is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 26

the rate of retention

Question 27

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the term for how quickly the body rids itself of the toxin.

Answer 27

excretion

Question 28

An odorless, tasteless, and colorless vapor produced by the incomplete combustion of fuel.

Answer 28

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Question 29

Three physiological principles that determine a response to a toxin are?

Answer 29

* Metabolism * Body composition * Genetics

Question 30

True or false: Plastics release no harmful chemicals when burned.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

True or false: The primary hazard with fibers is absorption.

Answer 31

False. Inhalation is!

Question 32

The effects of a toxin on the body depend on the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and ________ of exposure.

Answer 32

duration, route