AWS Flashcards
What is cloud computing?
“The cloud” refers to servers that are accessed over the Internet, and the software and databases that run on those servers. Cloud servers are located in data centers all over the world. By using cloud computing, users and companies do not have to manage physical servers themselves or run software applications on their own machines.
Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.
You typically pay only for cloud services you use, helping lower your operating costs, run your infrastructure more efficiently and scale as your business needs change.
Unlike the old traditional server methods, cloud computing brings ease in deploying and maintaining applications
Advantages of Cloud Computing
Back up and restore data Once the data is stored in the cloud, it is easier to get back up and restore that data using the cloud.
Improved collaboration Cloud applications improve collaboration by allowing groups of people to quickly and easily share information in the cloud via shared storage.
Excellent accessibility Cloud allows us to quickly and easily access store information anywhere, anytime in the whole world, using an internet connection. An internet cloud infrastructure increases organization productivity and efficiency by ensuring that our data is always accessible.
Low maintenance cost Cloud computing reduces both hardware and software maintenance costs for organizations.
Mobility
Cloud computing allows us to easily access all cloud data via mobile.
Unlimited storage capacity
Cloud offers us a huge amount of storage capacity for storing our important data such as documents, images, audio, video, etc. in one place.
Data security
Data security is one of the biggest advantages of cloud computing. Cloud offers many advanced features related to security and ensures that data is securely stored and handled.
three main types of cloud computing services:
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platforms-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS).
What are the three different types of cloud computing models
public, private and hybrid clouds.
What are some widely used cloud providers
AWS, GCP, Azure
Public
Public clouds are a type of cloud computing run by a third-party cloud provider. These cloud providers deliver cloud services to their clients over the public internet. A cloud provider keeps ownership and control of the cloud storage, hardware, infrastructure and resources. Some of the largest public cloud providers include Alibaba Cloud, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, IBM Cloud, and Microsoft Azure
Private
Only one individual or business uses the resources and storage of a private cloud. Users access private cloud services over a private network that others can’t access from the public internet. Private clouds can be physically located on a company’s premises. Some third-party cloud providers may also offer clients a private cloud option for a higher price than a public cloud.
Hybrid
A hybrid cloud combines services of both public and private clouds. With a hybrid cloud, organizations can typically choose to combine various elements of both types of clouds. Since organizations can often customize hybrid clouds, this type of cloud deployment gives companies greater flexibility in their infrastructure and operations. Example: Cisco, NetApp
4 Important Considerations for Private Cloud Deployment
Selecting Your Hardware
Choosing Management Software
Your Current Environment
Private Cloud Deployment and Go-Live
#The following seven steps are the ways to setup a hybrid cloud:
Determine cloud deployment model for applications and data
Integrate with existing enterprise systems
Address connectivity requirements
Develop governance policies and service agreements
Assess and resolve security and privacy challenges
Manage the cloud environment
Consider a backup, archive and data recovery plan
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
IaaS products allow organizations to manage their business resources — such as their network, servers, and data storage — on the cloud.
Benefits of IaaS
Its pay-as-you-go model allows businesses to only pay for the resources they use.
Organizations have complete control over their infrastructure.
PaaS (Platform as a Service):
PaaS products allow businesses and developers to host, build, and deploy consumer-facing apps.
Advantages in PaaS are:
Programmers need not worry about what specific database or language the application has been programmed in.
It allows developers to build applications without the overhead of the underlying operating system or infrastructure.
SaaS (Software as a Service):
By far the most common cloud service, SaaS products offer both consumers and businesses cloud-based tools and applications for everyday use.
Advantages of SaaS
The following are the advantages of using SaaS:
It is a cloud computing service category providing a wide range of hosted capabilities and services. These can be used to build and deploy web-based software applications.
It provides a lower cost of ownership than on-premises software. The reason is it does not require the purchase or installation of hardware or licenses.
What is an Amazon RDS
Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) is a collection of managed services that makes it simple to set up, operate, and scale databases in the cloud. Seven popular engines available on AWS are:
MySQL
MariaDB
PostgreSQL
Oracle
SQL Server
What are the uses of Amazon RDS
Build web and mobile applications
Support growing apps with high availability, throughout, and storage scalability. Take advantage of flexible pay-per-use pricing to suit various application usage patterns.
Move to managed databases
Innovate and build new apps with Amazon RDS instead of worrying about self-managing your databases, which can be time-consuming, complex, and expensive.
Break free from legacy databases
Free yourself from expensive, punitive, commercial databases by migrating to Amazon Aurora. When you migrate to Aurora, you get the scalability, performance, and availability of commercial databases at 1/10th the cost.
What is EC2 autoscaling
Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling helps you ensure that you have the correct number of Amazon EC2 instances available to handle the load for your application.
You create collections of EC2 instances, called Auto Scaling groups. You can specify the minimum number of instances in each Auto Scaling group, and Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling ensures that your group never goes below this size.
You can specify the maximum number of instances in each Auto Scaling group, and Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling ensures that your group never goes above this size.
What are the type os EC2 Autoscaling
Vertical Scaling
Horizontal Scaling
Vertical and horizontal scaling structures
In AWS, vertical scaling is about changing the instance up and down, and horizontal scaling is about adding more machines of similar capacity to the infrastructure.
When to use vertical or horizontal autoscaling
Vertical scaling is better when your application receives decent traffic. However, when the application has to cater to hundreds of thousands of concurrent requests, horizontal scaling is better as you can perform seamless scaling while gaining speed, elasticity, and performance. You won’t face a resource deficit.
What is SSH
SSH, also known as Secure Shell or Secure Socket Shell, is a network protocol that gives users, particularly system administrators, a secure way to access a computer over an unsecured network.
What is an AMI
An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a supported and maintained image provided by AWS that provides the information required to launch an instance.
You must specify an AMI when you launch an instance. You can launch multiple instances from a single AMI when you require multiple instances with the same configuration.
An AMI includes the following:
One or more EBS snapshots.
Launch permissions that control which AWS accounts can use the AMI to launch instances.
A block device mapping specifies the volumes to attach to the instance when it’s launched.
Elastic bean stalk
Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides block-level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances.
EBS volumes behave like raw, unformatted block devices. You can mount these volumes as devices on your instances.
EBS volumes that are attached to an instance are exposed as storage volumes that persist independently from the life of the instance.
You can create a file system on top of these volumes, or use them in any way you would use a block device (such as a hard drive).
You can dynamically change the configuration of a volume attached to an instance.
With Amazon EBS, you pay only for what you use. #EBS Volumes
Amazon EBS volume is a durable, block-level storage device that you can attach to your instances.
After you attach a volume to an instance, you can use it as you would use a physical hard drive.
You can use EBS volumes as primary storage for data that requires frequent updates, such as the system drive for an instance or storage for a database application.
EBS volumes are created in a specific Availability Zone, and can then be attached to any instances in that same Availability Zone.
