Axes and imaging

Question 1

What plane splits the body front to back

Answer 1

Sagittal plane

Question 2

which way do palms face in anatomical position

Answer 2

forwards/ anteriorly

Question 3

which plane cuts from left to right

Answer 3

Coronal plane

Question 4

which plane cuts the body horizontally

Answer 4

Transverse plane

Question 5

What is the head to the thorax

Answer 5

Superior

Question 6

what is the thorax to the head

Answer 6

inferior

Question 7

what is the breast to the lung

Answer 7

anterior/ ventral also superficial

Question 8

what is the thumb to the little finger

Answer 8

lateral

Question 9

what is the spine to the breast

Answer 9

posterior/ dorsal

Question 10

what is the little finger to the thumb

Answer 10

medial

Question 11

what is the humerus to the ulna

Answer 11

proximal

Question 12

what is the radius to the humerus

Answer 12

distal

Question 13

what are the ribs to the lung

Answer 13

superficial

Question 14

what are the lungs to the ribs

Answer 14

deep

Question 15

In the body above the knee anterior movement is called

Answer 15

flexion

Question 16

in the body above the knee posterior movement is called

Answer 16

extension

Question 17

below the knee anterior movement is called

Answer 17

extension

Question 18

below the knee posterior movement is called

Answer 18

flexion

Question 19

movement laterally away from the midline is called

Answer 19

abduction

Question 20

movement medially towards midline is called

Answer 20

adduction

Question 21

movement around a longitudinal axis towards the midline is called

Answer 21

medial rotation

Question 22

movement around a longitudinal axis away from the midline is called

Answer 22

lateral rotation

Question 23

what is the term for a windmill like motion which combines the other types of movement

Answer 23

circumduction

Question 24

what are x rays usually used to image and how

Answer 24

dense tissue (bone) as when x-rays pass through subject the x-rays are detected by a film on the other side and the x-rays don’t penetrate the dense tissue

Question 25

how can soft tissue be visualised by x-rays

Answer 25

contrast media eg. barium, iodine and other heavy metals - used to detect blockages in blood vessels and observe GI tract

Question 26

what are CT scans and what are they used to image

Answer 26

- computerised tomography scans use x-rays in a rotating tube with guns and detectors - image is reconstructed by a computer can measure soft and dense tissue with dense tissue still the brightest - 3D reconstruction possible

Question 27

what is MRI imaging and how are they used

Answer 27

- Magnetic Resonance Imaging uses radio waves and nucleus magnetic resonance of hydrogen nuclei (detects water in tissues) -computer generated -high resolution visualisation of soft tissues and ligaments -subject must stay still for long periods

Question 28

What are ultrasounds and how are the used

Answer 28

- gives out and records reflections of ultrasonic waves - often used for foetuses in pregnancy - safe and accessible but low resolution