AXIAL: Calvarium

Question 1

What are the two major divisions of the skull?

Answer 1

1. Calvarium / Cranium
2. Cranial base / Facial bones

Question 2

A mnemonic for major bones of the calvarium?

Answer 2

STEP OF 8

S - Sphenoid
T - Temporal (2 bones)
E - Ethmoid
P - Parietal (2 bones)
O - Occipital
F - Frontal
8 - 8 major bones individually

Question 3

The bone that forms the forehead

Answer 3

Frontal Bone (Squamous part of frontal bone)

Question 4

This is the landmark for radiologic skull measurement ; inferior to the frontal bone, above the root of the nose

Answer 4

Glabella

Question 5

Passageway of blood vessel that contributes to your eyes ; openings above the orbit

Answer 5

Supraorbital foramen

Question 6

Thickened part which lie under the eyebrows ; where the forehead ends

Answer 6

Supraorbital margin

Question 7

Forms most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull

Answer 7

Parietal bone

Question 8

This suture is between the frontal and parietal bone

Answer 8

Coronal suture

Question 9

This suture is between the occipital and parietal bones

Answer 9

Lambdoid / Lambdoidal suture

Question 10

This suture is between the temporal and parietal bones

Answer 10

Squamosal / Squamous suture

Question 11

This suture is between the two parietal bones

Answer 11

Sagittal suture

Question 12

Forms the inferolateral aspects of the skull and contribute to the middle cranial fossa

Answer 12

Temporal bone

Question 13

What are the 3 major parts of the temporal bone?

Answer 13

1. Squamous
2. Tympanic
3. Petrous

Question 14

This is best viewed in lateral position

Answer 14

Temporal bone

Question 15

This is formed when the zygomatic process of the temporal bone meets the zygomatic bone

Answer 15

Zygomatic arch

Question 16

Wherein the condylar process of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa

Answer 16

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Question 17

This bone meets with the zygoma

Answer 17

Zygomatic process

Question 18

where the sound enters the ear, thus enables sound waves to reach the eardrum

Answer 18

External Acoustic Meatus (EAM)

Question 19

The 2 joints that connect your lower jaw to your skull ; collaboration of bone

Answer 19

TMJ

Question 20

the thickest out of all the temporal bones

Answer 20

Petrous bone

Question 21

This houses the middle and internal ear cavities

Answer 21

Petrous bone

Question 22

This supports the temporal brain

Answer 22

Middle cranial fossa

Question 23

This is the most lateral foramen which serves as a passageway for the jugular vein

Answer 23

Jugular foramen

Question 24

This is located exactly between the petrous temporal and sphenoid ; most medial portion

Answer 24

Foramen lacerum

Question 25

This is anterior to the jugular foramen which allows transmission of carotid artery into the cranial cavity

Answer 25

Carotid canal

Question 26

This transmits cranial nerves

Answer 26

Internal acoustic meatus

Question 27

What specific cranial nerves are passing through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 27

C7 and C8

Question 28

Round opening in the floor of the middle cranial fossa, located between the superior orbital fissure and foramen ovale

Answer 28

Foramen rotundum

Question 29

Oval in shape and is an opening between the atria in the fetal heart ; serves as passageway of mandibular nerve

Answer 29

Foramen ovale

Question 30

This is a foramen in the petrous bone which transmits 3 (nerve, artery, vein)

Answer 30

Foramen spinosum

Question 31

What are the three transmissions from the foramen spinosum consists of?

Answer 31

1. Middle meningeal artery 2. Middle meningeal vein 3. Nervous spinosus

Question 32

* This acts as an anchoring site for some neck muscles and this can also be felt as a lump just posterior to the ear * Dotted surface for air cells and air cavities * Regulates temp. in the skull

Answer 32

Mastoid process

Question 33

This is a needle-like process which is not just for neck attachment but also for tongue muscles

Answer 33

Styloid process

Question 34

This is a bone found in the cranium that forms most of the skull's posterior wall and base

Answer 34

Occipital bone

Question 35

This supports the cerebellum of the brain

Answer 35

Posterior cranial fossa

Question 36

This is considered to be the largest foramen found in the skull wherein the spinal cord passes through

Answer 36

Foramen magnum

Question 37

Located on each lateral side of the foramen magnum wherein the C1 articulates

Answer 37

Occipital condyle

Question 38

This is the most bulging part of the posterior skull ; little hump on the back of the head

Answer 38

External occipital protuberance

Question 39

* Bat-shaped bone * Keystone of the cranium, because it acts as a central wedge that articulates with all other cranial bones * Contributes to the middle cranial fossa and orbits

Answer 39

Sphenoid bone

Question 40

Forms the center of the sphenoid bone

Answer 40

Body

Question 41

This houses the pituitary gland

Answer 41

Sella Turcica (or hypophyseal fossa of sella turcica)

Question 42

Part of sphenoid bone found in the medial process that has a horn-like shape

Answer 42

Lesser wing

Question 43

Part of the sphenoid bone that projects laterally

Answer 43

Greater wing

Question 44

Part of the sphenoid bone in the interior portion which serves as an attachment for pterygoid muscles for chewing

Answer 44

Pterygoid process

Question 45

* This also has a complex shape like the sphenoid bone * Helps to form the anterior cranial fossa * Forms part of the nasal septum and the lateral walls and roof of the nasal cavity * Contributes to the medial wall of the orbit

Answer 45

Ethmoid bone

Question 46

Forms the roof of nasal cavities ; floor of the anterior cranial fossa

Answer 46

Cribriform plate

Question 47

Dura mater of the brain is attached to this structure which helps secure the brain in the cranial activity

Answer 47

Crista galli

Question 48

Inferior portion of the ethmoid bone, which divides the nasal cavity from right to left

Answer 48

Perpendicular plate

Question 49

This is also known as wormian bones

Answer 49

Sutures

Question 50

This group of bones are best viewed on lateral position

Answer 50

Temporal bones