Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Kyphosis

Answer 1

Kyphotic: “Crooked”
- Primary curves of the spine.

Kyphosis: Extreme posterior curve of the thoracic spine. NOTE: Spinal discs change shape as well.

Question 2

Lordosis

Answer 2

Lordotic: “bent backwards” - These are the secondary curves of the spine.

Lordosis: Extreme anterior curve of the lumbar spine. NOTE: Spinal discs change shape as well.

Question 3

4 regions of the spine:

Answer 3

Cervical (anterior curve)
Thoracic (posterior curve)
Lumbar (anterior curve)
Sacral (posterior curve)

Question 4

Axial skeleton
VS
Appendicular skeleton

Answer 4

Axial

Question 5

Movement of ribs during axial skeleton rotation:

Answer 5

Ribs stack on the side where you are bending towards; forming gaps on the contralateral side.

Question 6

Describe the points of attachment and type of joint between the spine and skull.

Answer 6

On C2, the dens sticks up into C1 to form a uniaxial diarthrotic joint.

C1 attaches to the skull.

Question 7

Describe the points of attachment between the axial and appendicular skeleton.

Answer 7

Lower attachment:
- The sacroiliac (SI) joints are two synovial joints located at the junction of the sacrum (triangular bone at the base of the spine) and the ilium (part of the pelvis).

Upper attachment:
- The sternoclavicular (SC) joint is a saddle-shaped synovial joint located at the base of the neck, connecting the clavicle (collarbone) to the sternum (breastbone) via strong ligaments.