Joint Types Flashcards
(15 cards)
Synarthrosis VS Amphiarthrosis VS Diarthrosis joint functions
Synarthrosis: “together” immobile or nearly immobile joint. Job: protect internals. Ex. skull plates
Amphiarthrosis: “both sides” flexible but sturdy. Job: maintain stability of articulation, often during weight barring. Ex. Spine
Diarthrosis: “apart” freely movable joint.
3 types of diarthrosis joints?
Uniaxial: allows range in 1 plane. Ex. knee bending
Biaxial: Allows range of motion in 2 planes. Ex. wrist
Multiaxial: 3 or more planes. Ex. Hib
3 types of joint structures and the types of functions each can perform?
Fibrous:
- Synarthrosis
- Amphiarthrosis
Cartilaginous:
- Synarthrosis
- Amphiarthrosis
Synovial:
- Diarthrosis
Describe Fibrous joints. List 3 subtypes.
- Synarthrosis or Amphiarthrosis joints
- MADE of fibrous connective tissue. Can be short (sutures and gomphosis) or long.
- Fills gaps between bones.
- No joint cavity present.
The 3 types of Fibrous joint structures:
- Sutures
- Syndesmosis
- Gomphoses
Describe Cartilaginous joints. List 2 subtypes:
- Synarthrosis and Amphiarthrosis joints
- MADE of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
- Tough but somewhat flexible
- Influenced by hormones and/or aging
- Can be temporary or permanent
- Lack joint cavity
The types:
- Symphysis (Ex. cartilage at midline between pelvis. Relaxes during labor)
- Synchondrosis (Ex. articulation between ribs and sternum)
Describe synovial joint type. List the 6 synovial joint types.
- All are diarthrosis joints.
- The most common.
- Bones are not directly connected.
- Fluid filled joint cavity.
*
The 6 types:
- Ball and socket
- Pivot
- Gliding
- Saddle
- Hinge
- Condyloid
What is hyaline cartilage and where is it found?
It’s smooth cartilage found between synovial joints.
Origin VS Insertion
Origin is the fixed or immobile connect of the muscle to the bone; mainly at the proximal end.
Insertion is the connection to the bone that is mobile; connected the end that is brought closer to the heart.
Fibrous joints VS Cartilaginous joints
What are sutures?
Sutures refer to fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull.
- (Synarthrosis function, Fibrous structure)
What is syndesmosis?
A syndesmosis is defined as a fibrous joint in which two adjacent bones are linked by a strong connective tissue membrane or ligaments. Example: distal tibiofibular syndesmosis.
- (Fibrous structure, synarthrosis function)
What is Gomphosis?
Gomphosis: A special peg-and-socket joint between the root of a tooth and alveolar process that is connected via collagenous connective tissue fibers.
*(Fibrous joint structure, synarthrosis joint function)
What is synchondrosis?
Synchondrosis is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage, which is often found in the growth plates of developing long bones or between ribs and sternum.
- (Cartilaginous joint structure, synarthrosis or amphiarthrosis function)
What is symphysis?
A symphysis is a cartilaginous joint where bones are joined by fibrocartilage, a stronger type of cartilage, and allows for limited movement. Example: between vertebra or between the pelvic girdle.
- (Cartilaginous structure, Synarthrosis or Amphiarthrosis function)
Compare and contrast the 6 synovial joints:
- Pivot: Ex. Radial head, distal humorous
- Hinge: Ex. knee
- Condyloid: Ex. wrist
- Saddle: Ex. proximal side of the clavicle
- Plane: Ex. Distal side of the clavicle. **Multiaxial but highly restricted by ligaments.
- Ball and Socket: Hip to femur.
