Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Bones of the neurocranium

Answer 1

Parietal (2), temporal (2), frontal, sphenoid, occipital, ethmoid

Question 2

Bones of the viscerocranium

Answer 2

Maxilla (2), zygomatic (2), palatine (2), lacrimal (2), nasal (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), mandible, vomer

Question 3

Cranial fossa

Answer 3

Anterior, middle, posterior

Question 4

Associated bones

Answer 4

Auditory ossicles (6, 3 each ear: malleus, incus, stapes)
Hyoid

Question 5

Major sutures

Answer 5

Sagittal, coronal, squamous, lambdoid, sutures bone

Question 6

Minor sutures

Answer 6

Sphenosquamous, sphenofrontal, sphenoparietal

Question 7

Bones of the orbit

Answer 7

FLaME SPaZ: Frontal, Lacrimal, Maxilla, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Palatine, Zygomatic

Question 8

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 8

Frontal, sphenoid all, ethmoid all, maxillary

Question 9

Fontanelles

Answer 9

Anterior, posterior, sphenoidal, mastoidal, metopic (frontal)

Question 10

Occipital bone landmarks

Answer 10

External occipital protuberance, external occipital crest, occipital condyles

Question 11

Occipital bone foramina

Answer 11

Foramen magnum, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, occipital (condylar) canal

Question 12

Axial Skeleton: Number and Division of bones

Answer 12

80 bones:

• Skull: 22 (8 neurocranium, 14 viscerocranium)
• Associated bone: 7 (6 auditory ossicles, 1 hyoid)
• vertebral column: 26 (24 vertebrae, 1 sacrum, 1 coccyx
• thoracic cage: 25 (1 sternum, 24 ribs)

Question 13

Parietal bone landmarks

Answer 13

Superior temporal line, inferior temporal line

Question 14

Frontal bone landmarks

Answer 14

Frontal sinus

Question 15

Frontal none foramina

Answer 15

Supraorbital foramen, supraorbital notch

Question 16

Temporal bone landmarks

Answer 16

Zygomatic process, mandibular (glenoid) fossa, mastoid process, styloid process

Question 17

Temporal bone foramina

Answer 17

Foramen lacerum, external and internal acoustic (auditory) meatus (canal), style mastoid foramen, carotid canal

Question 18

Sphenoidal landmarks

Answer 18

Sella turcica (Turkish saddle), lesser wing, greater wing, sphenoidal sinus, lateral pterygoid plate, medial pterygoid plate, pterygoid fossa

Question 19

Sphenoidal foramina

Answer 19

Foramen ovals, foramen spoon sum, foramen lacerum, optic canals, superior orbital fissure, inferior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, pterygomaxillary fissure

Question 20

Ethmoidal landmarks

Answer 20

Cribiform plate, Crista galli, superior nasal conchae, middle nasal conchae

Question 21

Ethmoidal foramina

Answer 21

Olfactory foramina

Question 22

Nasal septum

Answer 22

Composed of perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, vomer bone, cartilage of septum, crest of maxilla, crest of palatine

Question 23

Maxillary landmarks

Answer 23

Maxillary sinus, alveolar process and margin, anterior nasal spine, palatine process, maxillary tuberosity

Question 24

Maxillary foramina

Answer 24

Infraorbital foramen, nasolacrimal canal, incisive fossa

Question 25

Palatine bone landmarks

Answer 25

Horizontal plate

Question 26

Palatine bone foramina

Answer 26

Greater palatine foramen, lesser palatine foramen, choanae

Question 27

Hard palate

Answer 27

Palatine process of the maxilla, horizontal plates of the palatine bone, transverse palatine suture, median palatine suture (inter maxillary and inter palatine sutures)

Question 28

Zygomatic bone landmarks

Answer 28

Temporal process of the zygomatic arch

Question 29

Mandibular landmarks

Answer 29

Body, angle, Ramus, coronoid process, condylar process, mandibular (sigmoid) notch, alveolar processes and margin

Question 30

Mandibular foramina

Answer 30

Mandibular foramen, mental foramen

Question 31

Vertebral column

Answer 31

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacrum, 3-5 coccyx

Question 32

Vertebral design

Answer 32

Vertebral body, vertebral arch (pedicel and Lamina), superior and inferior articulate process/facet, transfers process, spinous process

Question 33

Cervical Vertebra

Answer 33

7. Bifid spinous process, transverse foramina. C1: Atlas, "yes" movement. C2: axis, "no" movement