Axial Skeleton Development Flashcards Preview

CADE Block 1 > Axial Skeleton Development > Flashcards

Flashcards in Axial Skeleton Development Deck (17)
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1
Q

Components of axial skeleton

A

the cranium (skull), vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

2
Q

Mesodermal cells from sclerotome migrate to condense

A
  • Around notochord > centrum > vertebral body
  • Around neural tube > vertebral arches > pedicles, laminae, spinous processes, articular and transverse processes
  • In the body wall > costal processes > ribs
3
Q

Occipital bone formation

A

The caudal portion of the fourth occipital sclerotome fuses with the cranial portion of C1 sclerotome

4
Q

Mesenchymal cells

A

Contribute to the formation of intervertebral discs

5
Q

Notochord becomes…

A

nucleus pulposus

6
Q

Clinical condition that occurs when portions of the notochord persist as a tumor, usually in the cranial and lumbosacral regions

A

Chordoma

7
Q

Primary vertebral curves

A

Thoracic and sacral, form during fetal development

8
Q

Secondary vertebral curves

A

Cervical (lifting head) and lumbar (walking)

9
Q

Sternum develops from:

A

Somatic mesoderm

10
Q

Sternal bars

A

Primordial sternum, fuse cranial to caudal by week 8

11
Q

Spina bifida occulta

A

Failure of vertebral arches to form or fuse

12
Q

Scoliosis

A

represents lateral and rotational curvature of the vertebral column

13
Q

Hemivertebra

A

Most common cause of scoliosis, complete unilateral failure of the vertebral body to form

14
Q

VACTERL Association

A
Vertebral anomalies 
Anal atresia
Cardiovascular anomalies
Trachoesophageal fistula
Renal anomalies
Limb defects
15
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

pedicles fail to fuse with vertebral body, resulting in lordosis (vertebral body moves anteriorly relative to vertebra below

16
Q

Sternal cleft

A

Sternal bars fail to fuse

17
Q

Precuts excavatum

A

most common chest anomaly = concave depression of the lower sternum, It is probably due to overgrowth of the costal cartilages, which displaces the lower sternum inward