Axilla And Brachial Plexus

Question 1

What runs from neck to first rib?

Answer 1

Subclavian artery.

Question 2

What is base of axilla?

Answer 2

Skin of the armpit and superficial fascia which overlies the deep or Axillary fascia.

Question 3

Describe anterior wall of axilla?

Answer 3

Pec major and it’s investing fascia (pectoral fascia) and pectoralis minor (clavipectoral fascia)

Question 4

What is in the deltopectoral triangle?

Answer 4

Cephalic vein and thoracoacromial trunk (artery)

Question 5

What makes up the medial wall of the axilla?

Answer 5

Serratus anterior and the ribs.

Question 6

What forms lateral wall of axilla?

Answer 6

Bicipital groove of humerus.

Question 7

What is the apex of the axilla?

Answer 7

Upper border of scap, clavicle, and first rib.

Question 8

What does brachial plexus do?

Answer 8

Provides inner action to the upper limb.

Question 9

Somatic afferents of brachial plexus?

Answer 9

Exteroceptive: pain, temp, pressure, touch, vibration (cutaneous innervations).
Proprioceptive: joint and position sense.

Question 10

Autonomics of brachial plexus function?

Answer 10

Sympathetics to the upper limb that innervate sweat glands and smooth muscle of arteries and hair follicles.

Question 11

Brachial plexus sends motor to voluntary muscles via what?

Answer 11

Somatic efferents.

Question 12

What rami does brachial plexus consist of?

Answer 12

Ventral primary rami from C5 thru T1 as well as a small contribution from C4

Question 13

What roots form upper trunk of brachial plexus?

Answer 13

C5/6

Question 14

What roots from brachial plexus form middle trunk?

Answer 14

C7

Question 15

What roots of brachial plexus form lower trunk?

Answer 15

C8 and T1

Question 16

What nerves come off upper trunk of brachial plexus?

Answer 16

Dorsal scapular nerve.
Suprascapular nerve.
Nerve to subclavius.

Question 17

What nerve stems from C5 past T1?

Answer 17

Long thoracic nerve.

Question 18

Dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 18

C4/5

Question 19

Long thoracic nerve?

Answer 19

C5/6/7

Question 20

Nerve to subclavius?

Answer 20

C5/6 and sometimes C4

Question 21

Suprascapular nerve?

Answer 21

C5//6 and sometimes C4

Question 22

What cords arise from divisions of brachial plexus?

Answer 22

Lateral cord, posterior cord, medial cord

Question 23

What nerve roots does lateral cord consist of?

Answer 23

C5/6/7

Question 24

What nerve roots stem from posterior cord?

Answer 24

C5/6/7/8/T1

Question 25

What nerve roots stem from medial cord of brachial plexus?

Answer 25

C8/T1

Question 26

What nerve is derived from lateral cord?

Answer 26

Lateral pectoral nerve.

Question 27

What nerves derive from medial cord?

Answer 27

Medial pectoral nerve Medial brachial cutaneous nerve Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 28

What nerves are derived from posterior cord?

Answer 28

Upper subscapular nerve. Thoracodorsal nerve. Lower subscapular nerve.

Question 29

Upper subscapular nerve and lower subscapular nerve roots?

Answer 29

C5/6

Question 30

Thoracodorsal nerve roots?

Answer 30

C6/7/8

Question 31

Muscolocutenaous nerve roots?

Answer 31

C5/6/7

Question 32

Ulnar nerve roots?

Answer 32

C7/C8/T1

Question 33

What are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus that are formed from the cords?

Answer 33

Musculocuteanous nerve. Median nerve. Ulnar nerve. Axillary nerve. Radial nerve.

Question 34

What 2 terminal branches does posterior cord give rise to?

Answer 34

Axillary nerve and radial nerve.

Question 35

Radial nerve roots?

Answer 35

C5/6/7/8/T1

Question 36

Axillary nerve roots?

Answer 36

C5/6

Question 37

Median nerve roots?

Answer 37

C6/7/8/T1

Question 38

What are general upper trunk brachial plexus injuries referred to as?

Answer 38

Erb palsy Duchenne-Erb palsy Upper radicular syndrome “waiter’s tip position”

Question 39

How are upper trunk brachial plexus injuries produced?

Answer 39

By increasing angle between neck and shoulder. Examples: thrown from motorcycle, hitting a tackle dummy wrong, carrying a heavy backpack for long periods of time

Question 40

What happens when an action increases the angle between the neck and shoulder?

Answer 40

A pull, tear, or stretch occurs of C5/6 and nerve roots of upper trunk