Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Axilla, Anterior Chest and Breast Flashcards Preview

Module 3B - Axilla, Anterior Chest and Breast > Axilla, Anterior Chest and Breast > Flashcards

Flashcards in Axilla, Anterior Chest and Breast Deck (99)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Pyramidal/pyramid-shaped space

A

Axilla

2
Q

Location of Axilla:

Inferior to _______
Superior to _______

A

Location of Axilla:

Inferior to Glenohumeral joint
Superior to Axillary fascia at junction of arm and thorax

3
Q

Function of axilla

A

Passageway “Distribution Center” for neuromuscular structures protected by ADDUCTED upper limb

4
Q

Neuromuscular structures pass through via:

Superiorly:
Anteriorly:
Inferiorly and laterally:
Posteriorly:
Inferiorly and medially:

A

Neuromuscular structures pass through via:

Superiorly: cervico-axillary canal to and from root of neck
Anteriorly: clavipectoral triangle to the pectoral region
Inferiorly and laterally: into limb itself
Posteriorly: quadrangular space to scapular region
Inferiorly and medially: along thoracic wall to inferiorly-placed axis - appendicular muscles (serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi)

5
Q

T/F: Axilla is an important passage for nerves, blood, and lymph vessels from root of neck to upper limb.

A

True

6
Q

Boundaries of axila

A

Apex
Base
4 Walls

7
Q

Causes axilla to rapidly resume the protected position when invasion threatens

A

Tickle reflex

8
Q

APEX of axilla

A

Cervico-axillary canal bounded by:

1st rib
clavicle
superior edge of scapula

Arteries, veins, lymphatics, and nerves transverse in this opening to pass to or from the arm

9
Q

BASE of axilla

A

1. Concave skin
2. Subcutaneous tissue
3. Deep axillary fascia

Deep axillary fascia: from arm to thoracic wall (4th rib level)
Base of axilla forms the axillary fossa

10
Q

Axillary fossa: _______

A

Armpit

11
Q

2 layers of ANTERIOR WALL of axilla

A

2 layers of ANTERIOR WALL of axilla

Anterior:
Pecs (Major and minor)
Pectoral and clavipectoral fascia

Inferior:
Anterior axillary fold (may be grasped between fingers)

12
Q

POSTERIOR WALL of axilla

A

POSTERIOR WALL of axilla

Anterior:
Scapula
Subscapularis

Inferior:
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi

13
Q

Inferiormost of posterior wall

A

Posterior axillary fold

(May be grasped, extends father inferiorly than the anterior wall)

Axillary fold is made up of: Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, Overlying Integument

14
Q

MEDIAL WALL of axilla

A

Thoracic wall (1st - 4th ribs and intercostal muscles), and overlying Serratus Anterior

15
Q

LATERAL WALL of axilla

A

Narrow bony wall formed by Intertubercular sulcus in the humerus

16
Q

Describe:

Axillary Artery

A

Begins at lateral border of 1st rib as continuation of subsclavian artery;

Ends at inferior border of teres major

Passes posterior to pectoralis minor in arm»_space; Brachial Artery when it passes inferior border of teres major, and has reached humerus

17
Q

What divides Axillary Artery into 3 parts?

A

Pectoralis Minor

18
Q

Describe:

1st part of axillary artery

A

Location: Between lateral border of 1st rib and medial border of pectoralis minor

Enclosed in: Axillary sheath

Has ONE branch = Superior thoracic artery

19
Q

Describe:

2nd part of axillary artery

A

Location: posterior to pectoralis minor

Has TWO branches:
1. Thoraco-acromial - passes medially to muscle
2. Lateral thoracic arteries - passes laterally to muscle

20
Q

Describe:

3rd part of axillary artery

A

Location: Extends from lateral border of pectoralis minor to inferior border of teres major

Has THREE branches:
1. Subscapular artery - Largest branch of axillary artery
2. anterior circumflex humeral artery
3. posterior circumflex humeral arteries

21
Q

Which is the largest branch of axillary artery?

A

Subscapular artery

22
Q

Identify:

Small, highly variable vessel that arises just inferior to subclavius

A

Superior Thoracic Artery

STA anastomoses with intercostal and/or internal thoracic arteries

23
Q

True or False:

Superior Thoracic Artery commonly runs inferomedially anterior to axillary vein.

A

FALSE

STA runs inferomedially posterior to axillary vein.

24
Q

Which muscles are supplied to by STA?

A

Subclavius muscles in 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
Superior slips of Serratus Anterior
Overlying Pectoral Muscles

25
Q

Short wide trunk, which pierces costocoracoid membrane

A

Thoraco-Acromial Artery

Divides into 4 branches: Acromial, Deltoid, Pectoral, and Clavicular

Divides deep to clavicular head of pectoralis major

26
Q

Arises as the 2nd branch of 2nd part of axillary artery and descends along lateral border of pectoralis minor

From thoracic wall, may arise from *thoraco-acromial, suprascapular, or subscapular arteries

A

Lateral Thoracic Artery

27
Q

Lateral thoracic artery supplies the _____________ (5)

A

1. Pectoral muscles
2. Serratus anterior
3. Intercostal muscles
4. Axillary lymph nodes
5. Lateral aspect of breast*

28
Q

Axillary artery branch with the greatest diameter but shortest length descends along lateral border of subscapularies on posterior axillary wall

A

Subscapular Artery

Terminates by dividing into: circumflex scapular artery and thoracodorsal artery

29
Q

Larger terminal branch of subscapular artery

A

Circumflex Scapular Artery

Curves posteriorly around lateral border of scapula
Pass posteriorly between subscapularis and teres major to supply muscles on the dorsum of scapula
Participates in anastomoses around scapula

30
Q

Continues the course of subscapular artery to the inferior angle of the scapula and supplies adjacent muscles, principally latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal Artery

Participates in anastomoses around scapula

31
Q

Encircle surgical neck of humerus, anastomosing with each other

A

Circumflex Humeral Arteries

32
Q

Smaller circumflex humeral artery which passess laterally, deep to coracobrachialis and biceps brachii

A

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

Gives off an ascending branch that supplies the shoulder

33
Q

Larger circumflex humeral artery which passes medially through *posterior wall of axilla via quadrangular space with axillary nerve to supply glenohumeral joint and surrounding muscles

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

34
Q

Formed by union of brachial vein and basilic vein at the inferior border of teres major

Lies initially (distally) on anteromedial side of axillary artery with its terminal part antero-inferior to artery

A

Axillary Vein

35
Q

Three parts that correspond to 3 parts of axillary artery

A
  1. Initial, distal end is the 3rd part
  2. Terminal, proximal end is the 1st part
36
Q

Ends at lateral border of 1st rib, where it becomes subclavian vein

A

Axillary Vein

Veins of axilla are:
more abundant than arteries
highly variable
frequently anastomose

37
Q

Describe

A
38
Q

-

A

-

39
Q

-

A

-

40
Q

-

A

-

41
Q

-

A

-

42
Q

-

A

-

43
Q

-

A

-

44
Q

-

A

-

45
Q

-

A

-

46
Q

-

A
47
Q

-

A
48
Q

-

A

-

49
Q

-

A

-

50
Q

-

A
51
Q

-

A
52
Q

-

A
53
Q

–

A
54
Q

-

A
55
Q

-

A
56
Q

-

A
57
Q

–

A
58
Q

-

A

-

59
Q

-

A
60
Q
A
61
Q

-

A

-

62
Q

-

A

–

63
Q

-

A
64
Q

-

A
64
Q

-

A
65
Q

-

A

-

66
Q

-

A

–

67
Q

-

A
68
Q

-

A
69
Q

–

A
70
Q

-

A
70
Q

-

A
71
Q

-

A
72
Q

-

A
73
Q

-

A
73
Q

-

A
74
Q

-

A
75
Q

-

A
76
Q

-

A
77
Q

-

A
78
Q

-

A
79
Q

-

A
80
Q

-

A
81
Q

-

A
81
Q

-

A
82
Q

-

A
83
Q

-

A
84
Q

-

A
84
Q

-

A
85
Q

-

A
86
Q

–

A
87
Q
A
88
Q

–

A
89
Q

–

A
90
Q

–

A
91
Q

–

A
92
Q

–

A
93
Q

–

A
94
Q

-

A

Decks in Module 3B - Axilla, Anterior Chest and Breast Class (1):

Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying.
© 2023 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions