B. Hydrology / Hydrometreology Flashcards
(178 cards)
1
Q
The science, which deals with the occurrence, distribution and disposal of water on the planet earth.
a. Hydrology
b. Hydrometeorology
c. Geology
d. Hydrogeology
e. All of the above
A
a. Hydrology
Hydrometeorology – atmosphere + earth
c. Geology – study of solid earth
d. Hydrogeology – groundwater hydrology
2
Q
It is the vertical and horizontal movement of water as either vapor, liquid, or
solid between the earth’s surface, subsurface, atmosphere, and oceans.
a. Water Cycle
b. Water Transfer Cycle
c. Hydrologic Cycle
d. All of the above
A
d. All of the above
3
Q
In which phase in the hydrologic cycle has the highest residence time of water
a. Antarctic ice
b. Groundwater: deep
c. Glaciers
d. Ocean
e. Atmospheric water
A
b. Groundwater: deep
c. Glaciers - 20-100 years
d. Ocean - 3200 years
e. Atmospheric water - 9 days
3
Q
It is the lateral/horizontal movement of water in the soil.
a. Seepage
b. Infiltration
c. Percolation
d. Runoff
e. None of the above
A
a. Seepage
b. Infiltration – entry of water into soil surface
c. Percolation – vertical movement of water in soil
d. Runoff - water flowing towards lake, river oceans as surface or subsurface
4
Q
Percentage of earth covered by oceans is
a. 31%
b. 51%
c. 71%
d. 97%
e. None of the above
A
c. 71%
5
Q
Percentage of total quantity of water in the world that is saline is about
a. 71%
b. 33%
c. 67%
d. 97%
e. None of the above
A
d. 97%
6
Q
In the hydrological cycle the average residence time of water in the global
a. Atmospheric moisture is larger than that in global rivers
b. Oceans is smaller than that of the global groundwater
c. Rivers is larger than that of the global groundwater
d. Oceans is larger than that of the global ground water
A
b. Oceans is smaller than that of the global groundwater
7
Q
An area that topographically appears to contribute all the water that passes
through a specified cross section of a stream (the outlet).
a. Watershed
b. Catchment area
c. Drainage basin
d. River basin
e. All of the above
A
e. All of the above
8
Q
Portion of the precipitation that makes way towards stream channels, lakes,
oceans as surface or subsurface flow.
a. Streamflow
b. Runoff
c. Infiltration
d. Seepage
e. Virga
A
b. Runoff
9
Q
Baseflow is also called as
a. Groundwater flow
b. Interflow
c. Overland flow
d. Superfluous water
e. None of the above
A
a. Groundwater flow
b. Interflow – subsurface flow
c. Overland flow – surface runoff
d. Superfluous water -
gravitational water
10
Q
________________ provides the relationship between stream stage and
discharge.
a. Stage
b. Hydrograph
c. Rating curve
d. Unit hydrograph
e. None of the above
A
c. Rating curve
a. Stage – height/elevation of water level in a stream
b. Hydrograph – graph of runoff/streamflow vs time
d. Unit hydrograph – graph of 1 unit direct runoff vs. time
11
Q
In a watershed,
a. Faster peak flows occur in flat watershed than in steep watershed.
b. Faster time to peak flows occur in an elongated watershed than circular
watershed.
c. Longer time to peak flows occur in watershed with dense drainage than in less
dense drainage.
d. Larger watershed produces larger runoff than smaller watershed.
e. Storm moving towards upstream produces larger streamflow and shorter time to
peak than storm moving towards downstream.
A
d. Larger watershed produces larger runoff than smaller watershed.
12
Q
A graduated scale placed in a position so that the stage of a stream may be
read directly therefrom.
a. Staff gauge
b. Current meter
c. Wire-weight gauge
d. Measuring stick
e. None of the above
A
a. Staff gauge
13
Q
Graphical representation of runoff rate over time.
a. Unit hydrograph
b. Rating curve
c. Log-probability graph
d. Hydrograph
e. Streamflow graph
A
d. Hydrograph
14
Q
Hydrograph was made of ___________________.
a. Direct runoff only
b. Overland flow, interflow and baseflow
c. Interflow and base flow
d. Direct runoff and interflow
e. None of the above
A
b. Overland flow, interflow and baseflow
15
Q
Direct runoff hydrograph from a unit excess precipitation that occurs uniformly over a
basin.
a. Streamflow hydrograph
b. Total hydrograph
c. Unit hydrograph
d. Hydrograph
e. All of the above
A
c. Unit hydrograph
16
Q
Unit hydrograph is made of
a. Direct runoff only
b. Overland flow, interflow and baseflow
c. Interflow and base flow
d. Direct runoff and interflow
e. None of the above
A
a. Direct runoff only
17
Q
A chart or function describing the temporal distribution of precipitation during
a storm event, at a point, or over an area.
a. Hyetograph
b. Hydrograph
c. Hodograph
d. None of the above
A
a. Hyetograph
18
Q
The science and practice of water flow measurement is
a. Hypsometry
b. Fluvimetry
c. Hydro-meteorology
d. Hydrometry
e. Weirs
A
d. Hydrometry
a. Hypsometry - measurement of the elevation and depth of features of the
Earth’s surface
b. Fluvimetry – walang ganitong term
e. Weirs – control structures in canals or streams
19
Q
The following is not a direct stream flow determination technique
a. Dilution method
b. Ultrasonic method
c. Area-velocity method
d. Slope-area method
e. None of the above
A
d. Slope-area method
20
Q
Direct runoff is composed of
a. Surface runoff, prompt interflow and channel precipitation
b. Surface runoff, infiltration and evapotranspiration
c. Overland flow and infiltration
d. Rainfall and evaporation
e. None of the above
A
a. Surface runoff, prompt interflow and channel precipitation
21
Q
The term base flow denotes
a. Delayed groundwater flow reaching a stream
b. Delayed groundwater flow and snowmelt reaching a stream
c. Delayed groundwater and interflow
d. Annual minimum flow in a stream
e. None of the above
A
a. Delayed groundwater flow reaching a stream
22
Q
An intermittent stream
a. Has water table above the stream bed through out the year
b. Has only flash flows in response to storms
c. Has flows in the stream during wet season due to contribution of
groundwater
d. Does not have any contribution of groundwater at any time
e. None of the above
A
c. Has flows in the stream during wet season due to contribution of
groundwater
23
Q
For a given storm, assuming other factors remain constant
a. Basin having low drainage density give smaller peaks in flood hydrograph
b. Basin with large drainage densities give smaller flood peaks
c. Low drainage density basins give shorter time bases of hydrograph
d. Flood peak is independent of the drainage density
e. Large drainage density basins produce longer time bases of hydrograph
A
a. Basin having low drainage density give smaller peaks in flood hydrograph
24
A unit hydrograph has one unit of
a. Peak discharge
b. Direct runoff
c. Rainfall duration
d. Time base of direct runoff
e. None of the above
b. Direct runoff
or effective rainfall
25
Groundwater is also known as
a. Water table
b. Saturated zone
c. Vadose zone
d. Phreatic water
e. All of the above
d. Phreatic water
26
A rise in a liquid above the level of zero pressure due to a net upward force
produced by the attraction of the water molecules to a solid surface.
a. Surface tension
b. Capillary rise
c. Upwelling
d. Downwelling
e. None of the above
b. Capillary rise
27
A water bearing geologic formation or stratum capable of transmitting water
through its pores at a rate sufficient for economic extraction by wells.
a. Aquiclude
b. Aquifer
c. Aquifuge
d. Aquitard
e. All of the above
b. Aquifer
28
Well drilled into an artesian aquifer and water rises above the ground like a
spring.
a. Free flowing well
b. Non-free flowing well
c. Water table wells
d. Shallow well
e. None of the above
a. Free flowing well
28
Geologic formation arranged in decreasing economic considerations.
a. Aquifer, Aquiclude, Aquitard, Aquifuge
b. Aquifer, Aquitard, Aquiclude, Aquifuge
c. Aquifer, Aquifuge, Aquiclude, Aquitard
d. Aquifuge, Aquiclude, Aquitard, Aquifer
e. Aquifer, Aquitard, Aquifuge, Aquiclude
a. Aquifer, Aquiclude, Aquitard, Aquifuge
29
Measures the water bearing capacity of a geologic formation.
a. Porosity
b. Void ratio
c. Specific retention
d. Specific yield
e. Storage coefficient
a. Porosity
30
The percentage volume of water of an aquifer, which will not drain by gravity.
a. Specific retention
b. Specific yield
c. Storage coefficient
d. Transmissibility
e. Porosity
a. Specific retention
31
It is the volume of water that an aquifer releases from or takes into storage per
unit surface area of aquifer per unit change in the component of head normal to
that surface
a. Specific retention
b. Specific yield
c. Storage coefficient
d. Transmissibility
e. Porosity
c. Storage coefficient
32
A stream that provides water to the water table is termed
a. Affluent
b. Influent
c. Ephemeral
d. Effluent
e. Perennial
b. Influent
33
Surface joining the static water levels in several wells penetrating a confined
aquifer
a. Water table surface
b. Piezometric surface
c. Capilliary fringe
d. Cone of depression
e. None of the above
b. Piezometric surface
34
Flowing artesian wells are expected in areas where
a. Water table is very close to the land surface
b. Aquifer is confined
c. Elevation of the piezometric head line is above the elevation of the ground surface
d. The rainfall is intense
e. All of the above
c. Elevation of the piezometric head line is above the elevation of the ground surface
35
Water present in artesian aquifer is usually
a. At sub atmospheric pressure
b. At atmospheric pressure
c. At 0.5 times the atmospheric pressure
d. Above atmospheric pressure
e. None of the above
d. Above atmospheric pressure
36
The volume of water that can be extracted by force of gravity from a unit volume of aquifer material is called
a. Specific retention
b. Specific storage
c. Specific yield
d. Specific capacity
e. None of the above
c. Specific yield
37
Which pair of terms used in groundwater hydrology are not synonymous?
a. Permeability and hydraulic conductivity
b. Actual velocity of flow and discharge velocity
c. Water table aquifer and unconfined aquifer
d. Storage coefficient and storativity
e. Artesian aquifer and confined aquifer
b. Actual velocity of flow and discharge velocity
38
Darcy’s law is valid in porous media flow if the Reynolds number is less than
unity. This Reynolds number is defined as
a. (discharge velocity x maximum grain size)/μ
b. (actual velocity x average grain size)/μ
c. (discharge velocity x average grain size)/μ
d. (discharge velocity x pore size)/μ
e. None of the above
c. (discharge velocity x average grain size)/μ
μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid
39
It is the flow capacity of an aquifer per unit width under unit hydraulic gradient
and is equal to the product of permeability times the saturated thickness of the
aquifer.
a. Specific retention
b. Specific yield
c. Storage capacity
d. Transmissibility
e. Specific capacity
d. Transmissibility
40
When there is an increase in the atmospheric pressure, the water level in a well
penetrating a confined aquifer
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Does not undergo any change
d. Decreases or increases depending on the elevation of the ground
e. None of the above
a. Decreases
41
Specific capacity of a well is the
a. Volume of water that can be extracted by the force of gravity from unit
volume of aquifer
b. Discharge per unit drawdown at the well
c. Drawdown per unit discharge of the well
d. Rate of flow through a unit width and entire thickness of the aquifer
b. Discharge per unit drawdown at the well
42
Maximum head of shallow wells,
a. 6m
b. 12m
c. 18m
d. 15m
e. None of the above
a. 6m
beyond 6 m, considered as deep wells
43
It is the overall instantaneous condition of the atmosphere at a certain place and
time
a. Climate
b. Climatology
c. Weather
d. Hydometeorology
e. All of the above
c. Weather
"instantaneous" = weather
long-term trend of weather in a particular place = climate
44
Layer of the atmosphere where all weather occurs
a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Thermosphere
e. All of the above
a. Troposphere
Troposphere = lowest portion of atmosphere
45
Temperature at which saturation occurs
a. Dew point
b. Dry-bulb
c. Wet bulb
d. Average
e. None of the above
a. Dew point
At this point, the water is about to condense
46
Mean atmospheric pressure at sea level
a. 14.7 psi
b. 1 atm
c. 760 mmHg
d. 1013.25 mb
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
47
Light steady rain in fine drops that are < 0.5 mm in size and intensity of <1
mm/hr.
a. Drizzle
b. Hail
c. Dew
d. Rain
e. Sleet
a. Drizzle
48
A tropical cyclone is a
a. low-pressure area that occurs in the northern hemisphere only
b. High-pressure area with high winds
c. Zone of low pressure area with clockwise winds in the northern hemisphere
d. Zone of low pressure area with anticlockwise winds in the northern
hemisphere
d. Zone of low pressure area with anticlockwise winds in the northern
hemisphere
Tropical cyclone
Pag sa Northern Hemisphere, anticlockwise or counterclockwise
Pag sa Southern Hemisphere, clockwise
49
Orographic precipitation occurs due to air masses being lifted to higher altitudes by
a. Density difference of air masses
b. A front action
c. The presence of mountain barriers
d. Extratropical cyclones
e. None of the above
c. The presence of mountain barriers
50
A plot between rainfall intensity vs time is called
a. Hydrograph
b. Mass curve
c. Hyetograph
d. Isohyet
e. None of the above
c. Hyetograph
51
What do you call the mountain side, with reference to the wind direction, in
which the air mass passing through it is cold and dry.
a. Windward
b. Leeward
c. Rainshadow area
d. B and C
e. None of the above
d. B and C
52
Total water lost from a cropped (or irrigated) land due to evaporation from the soil and transpiration by the plants or used by the plants in building up of plant tissue.
a. Evapotranspiration
b. Consumptive use
c. Evaporation
d. A and B
e. None of the above
d. A and B
Evapotranspiration = Consumptive use
53
The recommended standard method for the definition and computation of the
reference evapotranspiration.
a. Blaney-criddle
b. Modified penman
c. FAO Penman-Monteith
d. Hargreaves
e. Jensen-haise
c. FAO Penman-Monteith
54
Data compilation method for frequency analysis where all values above a given base are chosen regardless of the number within a given period.
a. Partial duration series
b. Annual maximum series
c. Series of data with baseline’
d. A and B
e. None of the above
a. Partial duration series
55
It is the average interval of time within the magnitude of given event will be
equalled or exceeded at least on the average.
a. Payback period
b. Probability of return
c. Time of return
d. Return period
e. None of the above
d. Return period
56
PAGASA raises a Yellow Rainfall Warning if the observed rainfall is
______________ .
a. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
b. 15mm – 30mm within 1 hr
c. More than 30mm within 1hr
d. More than 60mm for the past 3 hrs
e. None of the above
a. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
57
Obmrometer is
a. Rain gauge that measures very small amounts of precipitation
b. Device that measures rainfall intensity
c. Device that measures rainfall rate
d. Measures temperature
e. None of the above
a. Rain gauge that measures very small amounts of precipitation
58
The greatest distance at which an observer can see and identify prominent
objects.
a. Horizontal visibility
b. Clouds
c. Fog
d. Dew
e. sleet
a. Horizontal visibility
59
Air in motion relative to the earth’s surface
a. Front
b. Storm
c. Turbulence
d. Wind
e. None of the above
d. Wind
60
Wind speed is measured using
a. Thermometer
b. Pluviometer
c. Anemometer
d. Barometer
e. Hygrometer
c. Anemometer
a. Thermometer - temperature
b. Pluviometer – a raingauge
c. Anemometer – wind speed and direction
d. Barometer - pressure
e. Hygrometer – vapor content of the atmosphere
61
Hygrometer is
a. Any device use to measure the vapor content of the atmosphere
b. Use to measure the amount of discharge in a stream
c. Any device use to measure solar radiant energy
d. Device use to measure atmospheric pressure
e. None of the above
a. Any device use to measure the vapor content of the atmosphere
62
In synoptic weather stations, wind vector is measured _______ above the ground surface.
a. 2m
b. 5m
c. 1m
d. 10m
e. Depends with the condition
d. 10m
63
Rain bearing clouds
a. Cumulonimbus
b. Nimbostratus
c. Altostratus
d. A and B
e. A and C
d. A and B
"nimbus" - rain bearing
64
General name for any instrument used to measure the intensity of radiant energy from the sun,
a. Actinometer
b. Hydrometer
c. Psychrometer
d. Photometer
e. None of the above
a. Actinometer
b. Hydrometer – measures liquid densities/S.G.
c. Psychrometer – humidity
d. Photometer – luminance
65
Lead time for a TCWS # 5 is ______________ .
a. 36hrs
b. 24hrs
c. 18hrs
d. 12hrs
e. 10hrs
d. 12hrs
66
The ratio of the mass of water vapor in a given volume of air to the mass of dry
air.
a. Relative humidity
b. Mixing ratio
c. Absolute humidity
d. Specific humidity
e. All of the above
b. Mixing ratio
67
In calculating ET using FAO Penman-Monteith model, wind speed measurement should be taken _______above the ground.
a. 10 m
b. 1 m
c. 2 m
d. 5 m
e. None of the above
c. 2 m
68
The envelope of gases that surround a planet and are held to it by the planet’s
gravitational attraction.
a. Atmosphere
b. Clouds
c. Troposhere
d. Air
e. None of the above
a. Atmosphere
69
Transition zone between two distinct air masses.
a. Ridge
b. Divide
c. Tropopause
d. Front
e. Stratopause
d. Front
70
Term synonymous to return period
a. Recurrence interval
b. Probability of return
c. Time of return
d. Payback time
e. None of the above
a. Recurrence interval
71
Rainfall reading of less than one-hundredth of an inch (0.01 in) or one-tenth of a millimeter (0.1mm).
a. Hourly rainfall
b. Daily rainfall
c. Trace
d. Sleet
e. None of the above
c. Trace
72
An increase in air temperature with height.
a. Lapse rate
b. Inversion
c. A and B
d. None of the above
b. Inversion
73
A line that connects points of equal elevation above a reference level, most
often sea level.
a. Isohyet
b. Isobar
c. Contour
d. Streamline
e. None of the above
c. Contour
a. Isohyet – equal rainfall
b. Isobar – equal pressure
d. Streamline – wind direction
74
The process of water lost from adjacent soil, water surfaces and leaf surfaces.
a. Evaporation
b. Transpiration
c. Evapotranspiration
d. All of the above
a. Evaporation
Transpiration – water loss through stomata
75
Evaporation gauge is synonymous to
a. Atmometer
b. Evaporimeter
c. Atmidometer
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
76
Maximum sustained winds are
a. 10-min average of wind measured 10m above the ground
b. 3-sec average of wind measured 10m above the ground
c. 10-min average of wind measured 2m above the ground
d. 3-min average of wind measured 2m above the ground
e. None of the above
a. 10-min average of wind measured 10m above the ground
77
At 20°C, the required amount of energy to vaporize 1kg of water is ________.
a. 1 KJ
b. 2.45 KJ
c. 10.5 KJ
d. 5 KJ
e. 7.45 KJ
b. 2.45 KJ
78
Science that deals with space-time characteristics of the quantity and quality of the waters of the earth, encompassing their occurrence, movement, distribution, circulation, storage, exploration, development and management.
A. Hydrology
C. Hydrometeorology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Meteorology
A. Hydrology
79
The science, which deals with the occurrence, distribution and disposal of water on the planet earth.
A. Hydrology
C. Hydrometeorology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Meteorology
A. Hydrology
80
The science concerned with study of the atmosphere phase of the hydrologic cycle.
A. Hydrology
C. Hydrometeorology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Meteorology
C. Hydrometeorology
81
The study of the atmosphere, atmospheric phenomena, and atmospheric effects on our weather.
A. Hydrology
C. Hydrometeorology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Meteorology
D. Meteorology
82
The study of aquifers is called.
A. Hydrology
C. Hydrometeorology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Meteorology
B. Hydrogeology
83
The study of inland waters including lakes ponds, rivers, springs, streams and wetlands.
A. Hydrology
C. Glaciology
B. Hydrogeology
D. Limnology
D. Limnology
84
Refers to the long period manifested by weather.
A. Weather
C. Horizontal visibility
B. Climate
D. None of these
B. Climate
85
Refer to the short-period variations in the atmosphere.
A. Weather
C. Horizontal visibility
B. Climate
D. None of these
A. Weather
86
Wind speed is measured using:
A. Barometer
C. Anemometer
B. Pluviometer
D. Hygrometer
C. Anemometer
87
Vapor content of the atmosphere is measured using:
A. Barometer
C. Anemometer
B. Pluviometer
D. Hygrometer
D. Hygrometer
88
Which of the following is a rain gauge?
A. Barometer
C. Anemometer
B. Pluviometer
D. Hygrometer
B. Pluviometer
89
It is the circulation of water in the earth-atmosphere system.
A. Hydrology
C. Water balance
B. Hydrologic cycle
D. Water circulation
B. Hydrologic cycle
90
It refers to all forms for water, solid, liquid coming from the atmosphere.
A. Convection
C. Conduction
B. Precipitation
D. Evaporation
B. Precipitation
91
In frequency analysis, most hydrologic processes follow this process. This process governed by chance and time dependent. What type of process is this?
A. Stochastic process
C. Deterministic process
B. Probabilistic process
D. Hydrolistic process
A. Stochastic process
92
Governed by chance; time series DEPENDENT.
A. Stochastic process
C. Deterministic process
B. Probabilistic process
D. Hydrolistic process
A. Stochastic process
93
Governed by chance; time series INDEPENDENT.
A. Stochastic process
C. Deterministic process
B. Probabilistic process
D. Hydrolistic process
C. Deterministic process
94
One in which a definite law of certainty exists.
A. Stochastic process
C. Deterministic process
B. Probabilistic process
D. Barrow process
C. Deterministic process
95
Data is more or less normally distributed
A. Gamma Density Function
C. Log-Normal Distribution
B. Pearson Type III Distribution
D. Normal Distribution
D. Normal Distribution
96
.Gives the best fit for most stations for 1-week, 2-week, 3-week and monthly rainfall totals of the country
A. Gamma Density Function
C. Log-Normal Distribution
B. Pearson Type III Distribution
D. Normal Distribution
A. Gamma Density Function
97
The pressure at which a liquid boil is
A. Gage pressure
C. Atmospheric pressure
B. Absolute pressure
D. Vapor pressure
D. Vapor pressure
98
The transmission of heat from one part of the liquid or gas to another by the movement of air or water.
A. Convection
C. Conduction
B. Precipitation
D. Evaporation
A. Convection
99
The process by which a substance changes from liquid to vapor state.
A. Convection
C. Conduction
B. Precipitation
D. Evaporation
D. Evaporation
100
The process of water lost from adjacent soil, water surfaces and leaf surfaces
.
A. Evaporation
C. Evapotranspiration
B. Transpiration
D. All of these
A. Evaporation
101
The formation and collapse of vapor bubbles at low pressure.
A. Capillary
C. Condensation
B. Cavitation
D. Conduction
B. Cavitation
102
The process of heat moving from atom by an exchange of kinetic energy.
A. Capillary
C. Condensation
B. Cavitation
D. Conduction
D. Conduction
103
Transition zone between two distinct air masses.
A. Ridge
C. Tropopause
B. Divide
D. Front
D. Front
104
The ratio of the mass of water vapor in a given volume of air to the mass of dry air.
A. Relative humidity
C. Absolute humidity
B. Mixing ratio
D. Specific humidity
B. Mixing ratio
105
Hydrometer is used to measure.
A. Humidity
C. Specific gravity
B. Viscosity
D. None of these
C. Specific gravity
106
A device for measuring temperature that is made from oxide, indicate absolute temperature and can be formed of the variety of shape.
A. Tee
C. Thermocouple
B. Thermistor
D. Thermometer
B. Thermistor
107
A device for connecting three flows paths.
A. Tee
C. Thermocouple
B. Thermistor
D. Thermometer
A. Tee
108
A device for measuring temperature based on the electrical difference of two materials.
A. Tee
C. Thermocouple
B. Thermistor
D. Thermometer
c. thermocouple
109
. A device for measuring atmospheric pressure.
A. Barometer
C. Accumulator
B. Blower
D. Hydrometer
A. Barometer
110
A container for storing a pressurized fluid.
A. Barometer
C. Accumulator
B. Blower
D. Hydrometer
C. Accumulator
111
A device to move a gas, generally at a higher rate and lower pressure than a fan does.
A. Barometer
C. Accumulator
B. Blower
D. Hydrometer
B. Blower
112
How does a tropical cyclone develop?
i. Tropical depression
ii. Tropical storm
iii. Typhoon
A. i, ii, iii
C. ii, iii, i
B. ii, i, iii
D. i, iii, ii
A. i, ii, iii
113
The process by which the precipitation does not reach the ground and evaporated back to the atmosphere.
A. Interception
C. Transpiration
B. Precipitation
D. Evaporation
A. Interception
114
The unintercepted portion of rainfall that falls onto the ground surface is called:
A. Interception
C. Stemflow
B. Throughfall
D. Interflow
B. Throughfall
115
Rainfall that reaches the ground via the trunks and stems of the vegetation is called:
A. Interception
C. Stemflow
B. Throughfall
D. Interflow
C. Stemflow
116
Data compilation method for frequency analysis where all values above a given base are chosen regardless of the number within a given period.
A. Partial duration series
C. Series of data with baseline
B. Annual maximum series
D. Both A and B
A. Partial duration series
116
The estimation of the likelihood of occurrence of an event by determining the frequency curve of best fit ti samples of hydrologic data is called:
A. Double mass curve
C. Frequency analysis
B. Risk analysis
D. Hydrograph analysis
C. Frequency analysis
117
118
119
Term synonymous to return period.
A. Probability of return
C. Payback time
B. Recurrence interval
D. Time of return
B. Recurrence interval
120
The number of years before a storm of given intensity and duration can be expected to recur is:
A. Rainfall intensity
C. Duration period
B. Recurrence interval
D. Weather
B. Recurrence interval
121
The period of time that the rainfall at a particular rate or intensity.
A. Rainfall intensity
C. Duration period
B. Recurrence interval
D. Weather
C. Duration period
122
The rate of rainfall in depth per unit time.
A. Rainfall intensity
C. Duration period
B. Recurrence interval
D. Weather
A. Rainfall intensity
123
When the rainfall intensity is lower than the infiltration capacity, the actual rate if infiltration is equal to:
A. Rainfall intensity
C. Infiltration capacity
B. Saturated hydraulic conductivity
D. None of these
A. Rainfall intensity
124
Method of areal rainfall determination done by computing the weighted average:
A. Averaging method
C. Arithmetic method
B. Polygon Method
D. Isohyetal method
C. Arithmetic method
125
The energy of rainfall that induces erosion is called:
A. Rainfall intensity
C. Erosivity
B. Rainfall mass
D. Erodibility
C. Erosivity
126
An instrument used to measure the global radiation (the combined intensity of direct solar radiation and diffuse sky radiation).
A. Pyrheliometer
C. Photometer
B. Pyranometer
D. Pyrgeometer
B. Pyranometer
127
An instrument used to measure the intensity of direct solar radiation.
A. Pyrheliometer
C. Photometer
B. Pyranometer
D. Pyrgeometer
A. Pyrheliometer
128
An instrument used to measure the ultraviolet in solar and sky radiation,
A. Bolometer
C. Photometer
B. Dosimeter
D. Radiometer
B. Dosimeter
129
Evaporation occurs when some water molecules in a free water surface attain enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces of other molecules and eject themselves from the water mass. The motion of the escaping molecules produces a pressure which is called as:
A. Vapor pressure
C. Pressure gradient
B. Air pressure
D. Bi-directional pressure gradient
A. Vapor pressure
130
At what time where the sun is farthest distance from the earth.
A. Aphelion
C. The permeability is high
B. Perihelion
D. None of these
A. Aphelion
131
This involves the averaging arithmetically all the rainfall depths measured by the rain gages within the area.
A. Grid-Point Method
C. Arithmetic mean
B. Inverse Distance Ratio Method
D. Thiessen polygon
C. Arithmetic mean
132
The name for seasonal winds (derived from Arabic mausim, a season).
A. Trade winds
C. Valley winds
B. Monsoon winds
D. Mountain winds
B. Monsoon winds
133
Caused by the rising of warmer, lighter air in colder, denser surroundings.
A. Frontal precipitation
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
D. Orographic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
134
The type of precipitation caused by the local heating of the ground surface is called:
A. Frontal precipitation
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
D. Orographic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
135
Type of precipitation associated with the movement of air masses from high pressure regions to low-pressure regions.
A. Frontal precipitation
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
D. Orographic precipitation
C. Cyclonic precipitation
136
Orographic precipitation occurs due to air masses being lifted to higher altitudes by:
A. Density difference of air masses
C. A front action
B. The presence of mountain barriers
D. Extratropical cyclones
B. The presence of mountain barriers
137
Results from mechanical lifting of the air mass over mountain barriers.
A. Frontal precipitation
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Convective precipitation
D. Orographic precipitation
D. Orographic precipitation
138
Type of rainfall cause by the upward lifting of the air mass due a mountain.
A. Convective rainfall
C. Cyclonic rainfall
B. Frontal rainfall
D. Orographic rainfall
D. Orographic rainfall
139
. Indicates to what depth liquid precipitation would cover a horizontal surface in an observation period if nothing could drain, evaporate or percolate from this surface.
A. Precipitation
C. Rainfall depth
B. Precipitation depth
D. Water depth
B. Precipitation depth
140
PAGASA raises a Yellow Rainfall Warning if the observed rainfall is:
A. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
B. 15mm – 30mm within 1 hr
C. More than 30mm within 1hr or More than 60mm for the past 3 hrs
D. None of these
A. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
141
PAGASA raises an Orange Rainfall Warning if the observed rainfall is:
A. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
B. 15mm – 30mm within 1 hr
C. More than 30mm within 1hr or More than 60mm for the past 3 hrs
D. None of these
B. 15mm – 30mm within 1 hr
142
PAGASA raises a Red Rainfall Warning if the observed rainfall is:
A. 7.5mm – 15mm within 1 hr
B. 15mm – 30mm within 1 hr
C. More than 30mm within 1hr or More than 60mm for the past 3 hrs
D. None of these
C. More than 30mm within 1hr or More than 60mm for the past 3 hrs
143
A storm type occurring at the boundaries of warm moist air and dry cold air.
A. Orographic storm
C. Convective storm
B. Frontal storm
D. None of these
B. Frontal storm
144
Lifting of warm air over cold air at the contact zone between air masses having different characteristics.
A. Non frontal
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Frontal
D. Orographic precipitation
B. Frontal
145
Air is lifted through horizontal convergence of the inflow into a low-pressure area.
A. Non frontal
C. Cyclonic precipitation
B. Frontal
D. Orographic precipitation
A. Non frontal
146
An instrument to measure depth of rainfall.
A. Rainfall dip stick
C. Bucket
B. Rain gauge
D. Rainfall meter
B. Rain gauge
147
It is the average interval of time within the magnitude of given event will be equaled or exceeded at least once on the average.
A. Period of exceedence
C. Return period
B. Hydrologic frequency
D. All of these
C. Return period
148
The inverse of the probability of exceedance of a certain hydrologic event.
A. Hydro probability
C. Return period
B. Probability of inceedance
D. Event probability
C. Return period
149
Portion of the precipitation that makes way towards stream channels, lakes, oceans as surface or subsurface flow:
A. Streamflow
C. Infiltration
B. Runoff
D. Seepage
B. Runoff
150
A plot between rainfall intensity vs time is called:
A. Hydrograph
C. Hyetograph
B. Mass curve
D. Isohyet
C. Hyetograph
151
A stream that provides water to the water table is termed:
A. Affluent
C. Effluent
B. Influent
D. Perennial
B. Influent
152
What do you call the mountain side, with reference to the wind direction, in which the air masses passing through it is clod and dry:
A. Wayward
C. Trade wind
B. Leeward
D. Windward
B. Leeward
153
What do you call the mountain side, with reference to the wind direction, in which the air masses passing through it is clod and dry:
A. Wayward
C. Trade wind
B. Rainshadow area
D. Windward
B. Rainshadow area
154
An increase in air temperature with height.
A. Lapse rate
C. Both A and B
B. Inversion
D. None of these
B. Inversion
155
The rate of decrease of temperature with the increase in elevation is called:
A. Updraft
C. Convention rate
B. Lapse rate
D. Deflection rate
B. Lapse rate
156
Which is not true about dew point temperature?
A. If air is cooled, it will attain saturation
C. Air relative humidity is 100%
B. It is equal to wet bulb temperature
D. Dew starts to form on surfaces
B. It is equal to wet bulb temperature
157
Temperature at which saturation occurs.
A. Dew point
C. Wet bulb
B. Dry-bulb
D. Average
A. Dew point
158
A rise in a liquid above the level of zero pressure due to a net upward force produced by the attraction of the water molecules to a solid surface.
A. Surface tension
C. Upwelling
B. Capillary rise
D. Downwelling
B. Capillary rise
159
What is the line defined by the water level in a group of artesian wells?
A. Water table
C. Specific yield
B. Piezometric surface
D. None of these
A. Water table
160
What law prevails in air masses in the atmosphere that for every drop (increase) of pressure there is a corresponding decrease (increase) of temperature resulting to the cooling of such air masses inducing precipitation.:
A. Law of Conservation of Mass
C. Avogardo’s Law
B. Law of Conservation of Energy
D. Ideal Gas Law
D. Ideal Gas Law
161
It is geologic formation which transmits water at a rate insufficient to be economically developed for pumping.
A. Aquifuge
C. Aquitard
B. Aquifer
D. Aquiclude
D. Aquiclude
162
Hydrogeologic formation that contains groundwater but is not capable of transmitting it at sufficient quantities is:
A. Aquifuge
C. Aquitard
B. Aquifer
D. Aquiclude
D. Aquiclude
163
A geologic formation that contains water but do not have the capacity to transmit it.
A. Aquifuge
C. Aquitard
B. Aquifer
D. Aquiclude
C. Aquitard
163
The percentage volume of water of an aquifer, which will not drain by gravity.
A. Specific retention
C. Storage coefficient
B. Specific yield
D. Transmissibility
A. Specific retention
164
. Surface joining the static water levels in several wells penetrating a confined aquifer.
A. Water table surface
C. Capillary fringe
B. Piezometric surface
D. Cone of depression
B. Piezometric surface
165
It is the volume of water that an aquifer releases from or takes into storage per unit surface area of aquifer per unit change in the component of head normal to that surface.
A. Specific retention
C. Storage coefficient
B. Specific yield
D. Transmissibility
C. Storage coefficient
166
Which is true about unconfined aquifer?
A. Its piezometric surface is at the water table
C. It is also known as phreatic aquifer
B. It is found between two impermeable layers
D. It is a completely saturated aquifer
B. It is found between two impermeable layers
167
Volume of water released from storage in an unconfined aquifer per unit horizontal area per unit decline in water table.
A. Specific storage
C. Specific yield
B. Specific retention
D. Transmissibility
C. Specific yield
168
The volume of water that can be extracted by force of gravity from a unit volume of aquifer material is called.
A. Specific storage
C. Specific yield
B. Specific retention
D. Transmissibility
C. Specific yield
169
It is the flow capacity of an aquifer per unit width under unit hydraulic gradient and is equal to the product of Permeability times the saturated thickness of the aquifer.
A. Specific storage
C. Specific yield
B. Specific retention
D. Transmissibility
D. Transmissibility
170
Free flow in artesian wells occur when?
A. The piezometer level is higher than the top of the well
B. The unconfined aquifer is beneath a confined aquifer
C. The permeability is high
D. None of the above
A. The piezometer level is higher than the top of the well
171
Well drilled into an artesian aquifer and water rises above the ground like a spring.
A Free flowing well
C. Water table wells
B. Non-free flowing well
D. Shallow well
A Free flowing well
172
Maximum head of shallow wells.
A. 6 m
C. 15 m
B. 12 m
D. 18 m
A. 6 m
173
These are wells that are used for obtaining only freshwater in situations where freshwater and saltwater interface blend.
A. Skimming wells
C. Screen wells
B. Semi-artesian wells
D. Deep tube wells
A. Skimming wells
174
Water present in artesian aquifer is usually.
A. At sub atmospheric pressure
C. At 0.5 times the atmospheric pressure
B. At atmospheric pressure
D. Above atmospheric pressure
D. Above atmospheric pressure
