B lactams

Question 0

Cefaclor

Answer 0

2nd gen cephalosporin, -AP
(intermediate spectrum)
Renal exc
Less G+, more g- ( coli klieb proteus)
No AP

Question 1

Cefazolin

Answer 1

1st gen cephalosporin
(narrow spectrum)
Renal exc
Good/most G+
Moderate G-
Good b lactamase /penicillinase

Question 2

Ceftriaxone

Answer 2

3rd gen cephalosporin
(broad spectrum)
Renal kidney exc
Less g+, increased b lact/penicillinase producing Enterobacter
Some w/amino = AP
inc b lactamase resistance

Question 3

cefepime

Answer 3

4th gen cephalosporin
MSSA, enterobacter, pseudomonas +AP
better. G+
Comparable to 3rd gen
Higher res to some b lactameses
Renal exc

Question 4

DOC for surgery prophilaxis
Targets: MSSA
Moderate G- (E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus)
Most G+ cocci (streps, staph aureus, MSSA, EXCEPT enterococcus, MRSA, S.epidermis)

Answer 4

Cefazolin

1st gen cephalosporin

Question 5

SE of all cephalosporins

Answer 5

Allergy
Superinfection (C.Diff, candida)
cross sensitivity with penicillin
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis: synergistic NEPHROtoxicity with aminos

Question 6

Avoid in neonates due to bilirubin displacement

Answer 6

Ceftriaxone

3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 7

CNS penetration with

Answer 7

Ceftriaxone

3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 8

DOC for N.Gonorrhea

Answer 8

Ceftriaxone

Question 9

Targets:
G- (E.Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus), - AP
Moxarella Catarrhalis,
without antipsudomonal

Answer 9

Cefaclor

2nd gen cephalosporin

Question 10

All resist B-lactamase/penicillinase (enzyme that doesn’t allow penicillin to bind to altering the binding site?)

Answer 10

Cephalosporins

Question 11

Targets: G- :
Moxarella Catarr, salmonella
Enterobacter, +/- AP (w/amino)
Salmonella
N. Gonorrhea
some Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (w/amino)
Also:      Pen. Resistant Strep pneumonia (G+)
              Borrelia Burgdorferi (spirochete)

Answer 11

Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
(broad spectrum)

Question 12

Targets G- : Enterobacter, MSSA
Pseudomonas, + AP
MSSA (G+)
with antipseudomonal

Answer 12

Cefepime
4th gen cephalosporin
Like 3rd but more G+ coverage

Question 13

Only B-lactam against MRSA

binds to mutated PBP2a

Answer 13

Unnamed gen of cephalosporin
Ceftaroline fosamil (IV)

Question 14

Aztreonam is part of 1) and targets only 2)

Answer 14

1) monobactam

2) G- rods only

Question 15

Targets: G- only
Klebsiella
Proteus
Serratia

Answer 15

Aztreonam

monobactam

Question 16

• good resistance to B-lactamase (penicillinase) (doesn’t allow penicillin to bind)
• no cross-sensitivity with penicillin (good for those who are allergic to penicillin)

Answer 16

AZtreonam
(monobactam)
only G- rods
Pseudomonas serratia klebsiella proteus

Parenteral only

Question 17

SE of AZtreonam

Answer 17

Skin rash
phlebitis
abnormal liver
(not oral)

Question 18

Imipinem and meropenem are

Answer 18

CARBapenems

broad spectrum

Question 19

• good resistance to B-lactamase
• targets anaerobs, G+, G-
• add amino if pseudomonas resistant

Answer 19

Imipinem and Meropenem

CARBapenems

Question 20

May become resistant to pseudomonas so add amino

Answer 20

Imipinem and Meropenem

CARBapenems

Question 21

DOC for B-lactamase producing Enterobacter infections

Answer 21

Imipinem and Meropenem IV

CARBapenems

Question 22

Targets: G+/G-
Pseudomonas (G-)
B-lactamase producing Enterobacter (G-)
{citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia??)

Answer 22

Imipinem and meropenem

CARBapenems

Question 23

Must take with CILASTIN

Answer 23

Imipinem (carbopenem)

dihydropeptidase inhibitor bc Imipinem is inactivated by renal dihydropeptidase

Question 24

Entrpenem is

Answer 24

CARBapenem

Question 25

- strong B-lactamase resistance | - targets anaerobs, G+, G-

Answer 25

Entrapenem | CARBapenems

Question 26

- Seizures at high dose | - caution with renal failure, brain lesions, head trauma, Hx of seizures

Answer 26

Imipinem

Question 27

Target: Enterobacter (G-) | less against Pseudomonas

Answer 27

Entrapenem | CARBapenem

Question 28

ototoxic nephro red man syndrome (skin flushing from histamine release)

Answer 28

Vancomycin | non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

Question 29

targets only G+

Answer 29

Vancomycin | non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

Question 30

SE of UTI

Answer 30

Fasfomycin | non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis

Question 31

Nephro SE (if parenteral)

Answer 31

Bacitracin | non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis

Question 32

Targets only G+

Answer 32

Vancomycin Bacitracin (non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

Question 33

topical application

Answer 33

Bacitracin

Question 34

If want to use against G-, add neomycin/polymyxin to

Answer 34

Bacitracin

Question 35

Inhibits Nag-Nam transport across membrane

Answer 35

Bacitracin

Question 36

Prevents Nag-Nam reduction

Answer 36

Fosfomycin

Question 37

- May have synergy with B-lactams, aminos, or fluoroquinolone - G+ and G-

Answer 37

Fosfomycin

Question 38

Prevents trans-peptidation of pentidoglycan (binds to D-ala site, if it's mutated->> resistance)

Answer 38

Vancomycin

Question 39

useful against penicillin (-) and (MRSA) infections | why is MRSA in brackets???

Answer 39

Vanco

Question 40

First choice for C.Diff? | 2nd choice for C. Diff?

Answer 40

Metronidazol | Vanco

Question 41

Tx for superinfections caused by Staph and C Diff 1st DOC for c diff is

Answer 41

Vancomycin Metronidazol doc c diff

Question 42

Which targets MSSA?

Answer 42

Cefazolin 1st gen | Renal excretion