Neisseria miningitis
Pen G (G - cocci)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (G - cocci)
Ceftriaxone or (cefpodoxime ?)
E Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus (G - rod O2)
1st or 2nd gen cephalosporin (Cefazolin or Cefaclor) OR
TMP-SMZ (bactrim)
Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia (G- rods O2)
TMP-SMZ (bactrim - UTI), quinolone, carbapenem
DOC for UTI
1) DOC is bactrium TMP-SMZ
2) Cipro (x pregs/kids)
3) methamine if pregs/kid(UTI drug, not Nitro bc x pregs, 4 mo) OR
(if not pregs/kid: nitrofurantoin?, then if not pregs, why skip Cipro?)
Helicobacter pylori (G- rods O2)
BISMUTH+ METROnidazole and tetra or amoxicillin
Vibrio (Cholera)
Tetracycline
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (G- rod O2)
AP pen (gr4) + aminoglycoside
Legionella (G- rod O2)
Azithromycin (macrolide 50S) + rifampin or
quinolone + rifampin
Strep pneumoniae (G + cocci)
Penicillin
Strep pyogenes (G+ cocci)
Pen or clindamycin
B-lactamase negative Staph Aureus (G+ cocci)
Penicillin
B-lactamase positive Staph Aureus (G+ cocci)
Pen resistant penicillin (gr 2)
MRSA
Vanco
Enterococcus (G + cocci)
Pen +/- amino
Listeria (G + rod)
Ampicilline +/- amino
C Diff (- O2)
Metronidazole (-02 only!)
Cryptococcus
Amphotericin B (no CNS) +/- flucytosine (5FC) (goes to CNS)
Candida
Amph B + caspofungin
Aspergillus (fungus)
Amph B + Voriconazole
Chlamydia
Tetra or macrolide
mycoplasma pneumoniae
tetra or erythromycin (macrolide)
Mycobacterium Leprae
Dapson + rifampin
mycobacterium TB
isoniazid + rifampin (replace with ______ if renal/liver dysfx or if HIV?) + ethambutol (narrow) + pyrazinamide
drugs that treat G+ only
Vanco, bacitracin, Daptomycin
Drugs that treat G - only
Aztreonam, Polymyxin B, (Aminos?)
drugs that treat AEROBIC only?
Aztreonam, Cipro/quinolones (exc moxi, gemi), AMINOS
Drugs that treat anaerobic bacteria only?
Metronidazole
Clindomycin is DOC for
Strep pyogenes (or pen) osteomylitis
Ampicillin is DOC for
Listeria (+/- aminos)
Tetracycline is DOC for
Vibrio (Cholera)
Mycobacteria Pneumonia (or erythro (macrolide)
Chlamydia (or macrolide: azithro/erythro
H Pylori (Bismuth+Metro and either tetracycline or amoxicillin)
B. burgdorferi (Lyme Dz) (or ceftriaxone)
Drugs that should be avoided in pregs and kids
1) tetracyclines (<2mo, CNS)
4) Dalfopristin/Quinupristin (kids)
Drugs with high drug interaction
Dalfopristin/QUinupristin
Erythromycin (highest), azithromycin (lowest)
SE of bone marrow depression, gray baby and fatal aplastic anemia
CLORamphenicol
SE of tendon rupture
CIRPO (quinolones)
broad and wide spectrum drugs
chloramphenicol cefepime (4th gen cephalosporin) 3rd gen cephalosporins Methanamine (broad, esp G-) Nitrofurantoin (wide) Cipro (broad or wide) tetracyclines (and tige(r)cycline) Telithromycin (ketolide - similar to macrolides) clindamycin (wide) Fosfomycin (wide) Imipenem + meropenem (broad and AP) Entrapenem (wide - AP)
drugs administered orally
Pen V (natural( Oxacilline (pen resistant Gr2) Cefixime (3rd gen cephalosporin) Cipro (quinolone) Levofloxacin (quinolone) Bactrim (oral, parenteral) Metronidazole (oral, IV, topical)
CefOTAXime
3rd gen cephalosporin
CNS
CeftAZIDime
3rd gen cephalosporin
AP, no CNS
CefIXime
3rd gen cephalosporin
no AP, no CNS but ORAL!
CefUROxime
2nd gen cephalosporin
Does cefepime have AP?
Yes
CefPROzil
2nd gen cephalosporin
B.Burgdorgeri (Lyme Dz)
doxycycline or amoxicillin or ceftriaxone
Mycobacterium Avium
Clarithro/Azithro(macrolides) + ethumbutol + rifambutin/refampin/cirpo (quinolones) +/- amikacin (amino)
Nocardia (not sure will be asked)
TMP-SMX (bactrim) or sulfadiazine
Aspergillus
Voriconazole + Amph B
CAndida
CAspofungin + Amph B
GI candida and topical Primarily treated by NYSTATIN!
Cryptococcus
Amph B (no CNS) +/- Flucytosine (goes to CNS)
1) Invasive ASPergillus (in retractive pts) is treated by
2) Non invasive Aspergillus is treated by
1) cASPofungin
2) Voriconazole + Amph B
Moxarella
TMP or Cephalospon gen 2 or 3!! (not gen 1 or 2 which is E. coli, Kleb, Proteus (along with TMP))
Mycobacterium Leprae
Dapsone + rifampin
do we need to diff multi ( clofazimine-didn’t cover this one?)) or paucibacillary?
Lyme Dz
doxycycline (tetra - don’t use if pregs/kid) or amoxicillin (pen 3) or ceftriaxone (don’t use if allergy to pens)