B1

Question 1

Light microscopes magnify up to about?
And have a resolving power of about?

Answer 1

Up to about x2000
About 200nm

Question 2

Magnification = ?

Answer 2

Size of image/size of real object

Question 3

What are the features of an animal cell?

Answer 3

Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes

Question 4

What are the feature in a plant cell?

Answer 4

Nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, cellulose, cell membrane, cell wall , permanent vacuole and chloroplasts.

Question 5

Functions of the features

Answer 5

Nucleus-controls all cell activities and contains genes
Cytoplasm-where most chemical reactions take place
Cell membrane-controls Passage of substances into the cell and movement of substances out of the cell
Mitochondria-where aerobic respiration takes place
Ribosomes- where protein synthesis takes place
Chloroplasts-contain chlorophyll so the plant can make food by photosynthesis
Permanent vacuole-keep cells rigid and support the plant

Question 6

What do eukaryotic cells consist of

Answer 6

Cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material in a nucleus

Question 7

What do prokaryotic cells consist of

Answer 7

Cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall, the genetic material is not in a nucleus it forms a dna loop

Question 8

Examples of eukaryotic cell

Answer 8

Animal and plant cells

Question 9

Example of prokaryotic cells

Answer 9

Bacteria-single celled living organisms

Question 10

Examples of specialised animal cells

Answer 10

Sperm cells, nerve cells and muscle cells

Question 11

A specialised plant cell?

Answer 11

Root hair cells

Question 12

What are the 3 adaptations of root hair cells?

Answer 12

-greatly increases surface area of a plant available for water to move into the cell
-have a large permanent vacuole that speeds up the movement of water by osmosis
-have many mitochondria that transfer the energy needed for the active transport of mineral ions

Question 13

What is diffusion

Answer 13

the spreading out of particles of any substance resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, down a concentration gradient

Question 14

What is the rate of diffusion affected by

Answer 14

The concentrations, the temperature and the available surface area

Question 15

Net movement =?

Answer 15

Particles moving in-particles moving out