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Biology gcse > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which sub cellular structures do only plants contain?

A

Chloroplasts, cell wall, vacuole

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2
Q

What are differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

A
  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells genetic material flow freely in the cytoplasm.
  • Eukaryotic cells are complex and large, compared to prokaryotic cells which are simple and small
  • Eukaryotic = 10um-100um
  • Prokaryotic = 1um-10um
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3
Q

What type of cell are bacterial cells?

A

Prokaryotic

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4
Q

What is the role of a vacuole?

A

Keeps the cell rigid and upright

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5
Q

What is the role of chloroplast?

A

Transfers energy from the sun to the plant as light, used in photosynthesis

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6
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

The organism consists of just one type of cell, that is able to carry out all of the life processes

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7
Q

What is Escherichia coli?

A

Bacteria that causes food poisoning

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8
Q

What is Streptococcus bacteria?

A

Bacteria that causes sore throats

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9
Q

What is the name for the bacteria that kills many disease causing bacteria?

A

Steptomyces bacteria

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10
Q

What does a plasmid cell do?

A

The place that genes that are not normally used are stored. Antibiotic resistance genes are stored here.

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11
Q

List qualities of slime capsule

A

Protects the cell from drying out and from being poisonous substances. Also allows the cell to stick to smooth surfaces.

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12
Q

What are the two lenses in light microscopy called?

A

The objective lens, eyepiece lens

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13
Q

What does Methylene blue stain?

A

The nucleus of an animal cell

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14
Q

What does crystal violet stain?

A

Bacterial cell walls

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15
Q

What does iodine stain?

A

Plant cell nucleus

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16
Q

Why stain cells?

A

So they are easier to see

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17
Q

What is the definition of resolution?

A

The smallest distance between two points that can be seen as separate entities

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18
Q

Why does an electron microscope have greater resolution?

A

Because it uses high energy electrons instead of light

19
Q

Which produces the most magnified image TEM or SEM?

A

TEM

20
Q

What does TEM do?

A

It fires a beam of electrons through the sample, this beam is focused to produce an image

21
Q

What does SEM do?

A

A beam of electrons are fired across the surface of the sample. The reflected electrons are collected to produce a 3D image of the surface

22
Q

What is the role of a vacuole?

A

Keeps the cell rigid and upright

23
Q

What is the role of chloroplast?

A

Transfers energy from the sun to the plant as light, used in photosynthesis

24
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

The organism consists of just one type of cell, that is able to carry out all of the life processes

25
Q

What is Escherichia coli?

A

Bacteria that causes food poisoning

26
Q

What is Streptococcus bacteria?

A

Bacteria that causes sore throats

27
Q

What is the name for the bacteria that kills many disease causing bacteria?

A

Steptomyces bacteria

28
Q

What does a plasmid cell do?

A

The place that genes that are not normally used are stored. Antibiotic resistance genes are stored here.

29
Q

List qualities of slime capsule

A

Protects the cell from drying out and from being poisonous substances. Also allows the cell to stick to smooth surfaces.

30
Q

What are the two lenses in light microscopy called?

A

The objective lens, eyepiece lens

31
Q

What does Methylene blue stain?

A

The nucleus of an animal cell

32
Q

What does crystal violet stain?

A

Bacterial cell walls

33
Q

What does iodine stain?

A

Plant cell nucleus

34
Q

Why stain cells?

A

So they are easier to see

35
Q

What is the definition of resolution?

A

The smallest distance between two points that can be seen as separate entities

36
Q

Why does an electron microscope have greater resolution?

A

Because it uses high energy electrons instead of light

37
Q

Which produces the most magnified image TEM or SEM?

A

TEM

38
Q

What does TEM do?

A

It fires a beam of electrons through the sample, this beam is focused to produce an image

39
Q

What does SEM do?

A

A beam of electrons are fired across the surface of the sample. The reflected electrons are collected to produce a 3D image of the surface

40
Q

How to test for starch with iodine?

A

browny orange - dark blue black

41
Q

How to test for lipids - emulsion test

A

Shake the substance with ethanol

If present it will turn milky colour

42
Q

How to test for proteins using the biuret test

A

Add sodium hydroxide
Add copper sulfate
If present it will turn from blue - purple

43
Q

How to test for reducing sugars - glucose

A

Add Benedict solution
Heat in a 75’ water bath
Form a coloured precipitate

44
Q

Testing for non reducing sugars

A

Add dilute HCl
Add sodium hydroxide carbonate
If it stays blue it doesn’t contain any sugar

Biology gcse (3 decks)

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