B1 Cell Biology

Question 1

One example of prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

Bacterial cell

Question 2

What is smaller, prokaryotic your eukaryotic?

Answer 2

Prokaryotic

Question 3

Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus, true or false?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Bacterial cells have a DNA loop called?

Question 5

Which microscopes have a higher magnification and resolution that light microscopes?

Answer 5

Electron microscopes

Question 6

Electron microscopes have a higher what and what than light microscopes?

Answer 6

Magnification and resolution

Question 7

What is the equation linking image size, real size and magnification?

Answer 7

Mag= image/ real

Question 8

What do chromosomes carry?

Answer 8

Genes

Question 9

Where are chromosomes found?

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

A series of stages in which cells divide to produce new cells is called?

Answer 10

Cell cycle

Question 11

Cell cycle refers to a series of stages in which cells divide to produce what?

Answer 11

New cells

Question 12

Before a cell divides what 3 things does it do?

Answer 12

•Grows in size

•Increase amount of sub cellular structures (e.g.ribosomes and mitochondria)

•Duplicates its DNA

Question 13

Within the cell cycle, what is the stage in which the cell divides called?

Answer 13

Mitosis

Question 14

Within the cell cycle, there is mitosis, but leading up to the cell division what is the other stage?

Answer 14

Growth and DNA replication

Question 15

At the start of mitosis, what about the cell has been doubled?

Answer 15

It’s DNA

Question 16

What is the first cell in mitosis referred to as?

Answer 16

Parent cell

Question 17

In the parent cell, there are two copies of each what?

Answer 17

Chromosome

Question 18

Within mitosis, one set of what is pulled to each end of the cell?

Answer 18

Chromosomes

Question 19

Once one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell, what two things divide?

Answer 19

Cytoplasm and cell membrane

Question 20

As a result of the cytoplasm and cell membrane dividing, what is formed?

Answer 20

Two cells

Question 21

The two cells that are formed at the end of mitosis are what?

Answer 21

Identical daughter cells

Question 22

The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job is called..?

Answer 22

Differentiation

Question 23

Differentiation refers to the process by which a cell changes to become what?

Answer 23

Specialised (for its job)

Question 24

What are the five types of specialised cells?

Answer 24

•Sperm cell
•Muscle cell
•Nerve cell
•Root hair cell
•Xylem and Phloem

Question 25

Sperm cells are specialised for reproduction, so they have what for swimming?

Answer 25

Tails

Question 26

Nerve cells are specialised for rapid signaling as they are what to cover a large distance?

Answer 26

Long

Question 27

Xylem and Phloem are specialised for transporting substances as they have little to no what for easy flow of substance?

Answer 27

Little to no sub-cellular structures

Question 28

Muscle cells are specialised for contraction as they are what so they have a lot of space to contract?

Answer 28

Long

Question 29

Root hair cells are specialised for absorbing water and minerals as they have a what for absorbing this from the soil?

Answer 29

Large surface area

Question 30

Stem calls are what?

Answer 30

Undifferentiated cells

Question 31

Undifferentiated cells called stem cells, can divide to produce what?

Answer 31

More stem cells

Question 32

Stem cells dividing cells o produce more stem cells means they can differentiate into what?

Answer 32

Many other types of cell

Question 33

Stem cells from adult bone marrow can become many kinds of what?

Answer 33

Many kinds of cell

Question 34

Stem cells from human embryo can become what?

Answer 34

Any kind of human cell

Question 35

Stem cells from plant meristem can become any kind of what?

Answer 35

Any kind of plant cell

Question 36

What two things do stems cells mainly have use in?

Answer 36

Medicine and plants

Question 37

In medicine stem cells could produce nerve cells to treat what?

Answer 37

Paralysis

Question 38

In medicine, what can use stem cells so that embryo has the same gene as the patient

Answer 38

Therapeutic cloning

Question 39

A risk of stem cells in medicine is that they could get a what which would be transferred to the patient?

Answer 39

A virys

Question 40

In planes, stem cells could be used to produce what to be quicker and cheaper

Answer 40

Clones of the plant (to grow more)