Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AQA Biology GCSE > B1 - Cell Structure & Transport ✅ > Flashcards

B1 - Cell Structure & Transport ✅ Flashcards

MB (45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is a cell?

©

A

The basic unit of all forms of life

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

©

A

A cell with its genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

E.g. Plant and animal cells

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

©

A

A cell that does not have a nucleus to enclose its genetic material

E.g. A bacterial cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a cell membrane?

©

A

The border of all types of cell

Other: Controls the movement of substances into and out of a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a sub-cellular structure?

What is an organelle? 🤔

©

A

A part of a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a nucleus?

©

A

The enclosure for genetic material found in plant and animal cells

Other: Controls the activities of a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is cytoplasm?

©

A

A jelly-like substance where a cell’s chemical reactions take place

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are mitochondria?

©

A

Sub-cellular structures in cells where aerobic respiration occurs

Other: The powerhouse of a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a ribosome?

©

A

A sub-cellular structure in a cell where proteins are synthesised [or made]

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a chloroplast?

©

A

A sub-cellular structure responsible for carrying out photosynthesis

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a permanent vacuole?

What is a vacuole? 🤔

©

A

A sub-cellular structure in a cell that is filled with sap

Other: A store of nutrients for a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a cell wall?

©

A
  • A sub-cellular structure that is never found in an animal cell
  • Made of cellulose
  • Found on the outside of the cell membrane

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is DNA?

©

A

The molecule that holds genetic information in a cell

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What shape is DNA in eukaryotic cells?

©

A

A linear strand

Other: A double helix structure

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What shape is DNA in prokaryotic cells?

©

A

A loop

Other: The shape of a plasmid

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a plasmid?

©

A

A small loop of extra DNA only found in prokaryotic cells

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define multicellular.

©

A

An organism that is made up of lots of cells

E.g. Animals and plants

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a specialised cell?

©

A

Cells that have a particular function

E.g. Sperm cells or nerve cells

©

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define tissue.

©

Study These Flashcards
A

A group of cells with similar structures and functions

Other: A group of specialised cells

©

20
Q

What is an organ?

©

Study These Flashcards
A

A group of tissues working together to perform a specific function

©

21
Q

What is an organ system?

©

Study These Flashcards
A

A group of organs working together to perform a specific function

©

22
Q

What is an organism?

©

Study These Flashcards
A

A group of organs working together to contribue to survival

©

23
Q

What is a light microscope?

©

Study These Flashcards
A

A tool that can identify, observe, and magnify objects by transmitting light through a string of lenses

©

24
Q

What is magnification?

©

Study These Flashcards
A

The measure of how much a microscope can enlarge the object you are viewing through it

©

25
What is resolution? ## Footnote ©
The measure of the level of detail you can observe with a microscope ## Footnote ©
26
What is an electron microscope? ## Footnote ©
A type of microscope with a higher magnification and resolution than a light microscope ## Footnote ©
27
What is the equation for magnification? ## Footnote ©
Magnification = Size of Image/Size of Real Object | Other: Magnification = Image Size/Actual Size ## Footnote ©
28
What is diffusion? ## Footnote ©
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration ## Footnote ©
29
Does diffusion require energy? ## Footnote ©
No ## Footnote ©
30
What is a concentration gradient? ## Footnote ©
The difference in concentration of a substance between two places ## Footnote ©
31
What is surface area to volume ratio? ## Footnote ©
The surface area divided by the volume of an organism, organ, or cell ## Footnote ©
32
What is a diffusion pathway? ## Footnote ©
The distance over which a substance must diffuse | E.g. A thin wall or membrane ## Footnote ©
33
What is osmosis? ## Footnote ©
The diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution, across a partially permeable membrane ## Footnote ©
34
What is active transport? ## Footnote ©
The movement of substances against the concentration gradient - from lower to higher concentration ## Footnote ©
35
Does active transport require energy? ## Footnote ©
Yes ## Footnote ©
36
Where does the process of active transport gain energy from? ## Footnote ©
Respiration ## Footnote ©
37
What is the small intestine? ## Footnote ©
An organ in the digestive system where products of digestion are absorbed into the bloodstream | Other: Absorbs nutrients, salts, and water into the bloodstream ## Footnote ©
38
What are the lungs? ## Footnote ©
The organs in mammals where gas exhange takes place ## Footnote ©
39
What are gills? ## Footnote ©
The organs in fish where gas exhange occurs ## Footnote ©
40
What are leaves [in terms of respiration]? ## Footnote ©
The plant organs responsible for gas exchange in a plant ## Footnote ©
41
What is ventilation? ## Footnote ©
The technical term for breathing in and out ## Footnote ©
42
Through what process are cells specialised? ## Footnote ©
Cell differentiation | Other: Differentiation ## Footnote ©
43
What is the use of a microscope called? ## Footnote ©
Microscopy ## Footnote ©
44
What is the rate of diffusion affected by? | Hint: There are three factors ## Footnote ©
* **The steepness of the concentration gradient** * **The temperature** (a higher temperature increases the rate of diffusion as particles have more kinetic energy) * **The surface area of the membrane** (a larger surface area of cell membrane increases the rate of diffusion into and out of a cell) ## Footnote ©
45
To be effective at exchanging substances, an exchange surface must have... | Hint: An exchange surface must have two such features ## Footnote ©
* Large surface area * Short diffusion pathway ## Footnote ©

AQA Biology GCSE (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions