B1 Test

Question 1

How many micrometres in a mm

Answer 1

1000

Question 2

How many nanometres (NM) in a micrometre (Um)

Answer 2

1000

Question 3

What are Electron microscopes usually used to magnify

Answer 3

Sub-cellular structures inside cells

Question 4

How can you calculate the magnification you are using

Answer 4

Magnification of eyepiece lense X magnification of objective lens

Question 5

What is the formula for magnification

Answer 5

Magnification = size of image/ size of real object

Question 6

How much can light microscopes magnify objects?

Answer 6

2000 X

Question 7

How much can Electron microscopes magnify objects?

Answer 7

2000000 X

Question 8

what is the cell membrane

Answer 8

The membrane around the contents of a cell that controls what moves in and out

Question 9

What is Cellulose

Answer 9

The complex carbohydrate that makes up plant and algal cell walls and gives them strength

Question 10

What is the Cell Wall

Answer 10

The rigid structure around the plant and algal cells that is made from cellulose and strengthens the cell

Question 11

What are Chloroplasts

Answer 11

The organelles in which photosynthesis take place

Question 12

What is Chlorophyll

Answer 12

The green pigment contained in chloroplasts

Question 13

What is cytoplasm

Answer 13

The water-based gel in which the organelles of all living cells are suspended

Question 14

What is the permanent vacuole

Answer 14

A space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap

Question 15

What do plant cells contain that animal cells do not

Answer 15

Chloroplasts, permanant vacuole and cell wall

Question 16

What are some features of eukaryotic cells

Answer 16

A cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

Question 17

What are some features of Prokaryotic cells

Answer 17

They consist of cytoplasm an a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. No nucleus. Genetic material in a single dna loop.

Question 18

Are bacteria eukaryotic cells of prokaryotes

Answer 18

Prokaryotes

Question 19

Name 3 specialised animal cells

Answer 19

Muscle cells, nerve cells and sperm cells

Question 20

what is one adaptation of a sperm cell

Answer 20

A long tail to swim

Question 21

What is one adaptation of a muscle cell

Answer 21

They contain special proteins that slide over each other making the fibres contract

Question 22

What is one adaptation of a nerve cell

Answer 22

They are adapted to carry electrical impulses from one part of the body to another

Question 23

What are 3 examples of specialised plant cells

Answer 23

Root hair cells, xylem cells and phloem cells

Question 24

What is one adaptation of a xylem cell

Answer 24

Very strong and are able to withstand the pressure of water moving up the plant.

Question 25

What is one adaptation of a root hair cell

Answer 25

They have a large permanent vacuole to speed up the movement of water into the plant

Question 26

What is diffusion

Answer 26

The spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration down a concentration gradient

Question 27

What are 3 things that the rate of diffusion can be affected by

Answer 27

The difference in concentrations, the temperature and the space

Question 28

What is osmosis

Answer 28

The movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 29

What causes osmosis

Answer 29

Differences in the concentration of solutions inside and outside a cell

Question 30

What is active transport

Answer 30

It is the movement of substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient) using energy released from food in respiration.

Question 31

What surface to volume ratio do single-celled organisms have?

Answer 31

A relatively large surface area to volume ratio

Question 32

what are ribosomes

Answer 32

where protein synthesis takes place

Question 33

What are the features of prokaryotic cells

Answer 33

cytoplasm, cell membrane, flagella, DNA loops

Question 34

What is the flagella

Answer 34

A long protein strand that lashes out to move themselves

Question 35

What is mitochondria

Answer 35

The organelle where respiration takes place