B1.1

Question 1

What is a 
Species
Genus
Family
Kingdom

Answer 1

A group of organisms with many common characteristics
A group of species with many common characteristics
A group of many genera (genus plural) with many common characteristics
A group of family with many common characteristics

Question 2

What are bacteria

Basic

Answer 2

Simple cells with no nucleus

Question 3

What is autotrophic feeding

Answer 3

When the organism creates its own food, e.g. Photosynthesis

Question 4

What does it mean if an animal eats heterophically

Answer 4

They eat and digest other organisms like us

Question 5

What does it mean if an organism feeds saprophytically

Answer 5

The organism digests other organisms for food but outside the body such as fungi

Question 6

What are the 5 kingdoms

Answer 6

Animal is
Plantage
Fungi
Protoctista
Prokaryotae

Question 7

Characteristics of animalia

Answer 7

Multicellular, heterotrophic feeders, no cell walls, complex cell structure with nucleus

Question 8

Characteristics of plantae

Answer 8

Multicellular, autotrophic so have chlorophyll, cell walls made of cellulose, complex cell structure with nucleus

Question 9

Properties of fungi

Answer 9

Multicellular, cell walls but not made from cellulose, saprophytic, complex cell structure with nucleus

Question 10

Properties of protoctista

Answer 10

Mostly unicellular (some multicellular), complex cell structure with nucleus

Question 11

Prokaryotae

Answer 11

Unicellular, simple structure with no nucleus

Question 12

What is special about viruses

Answer 12

Aren’t in a kingdom as most scientists don’t believe they are living as they dont grow or feed, they change how other cells work and cause them to make copies of the virus

Question 13

What are vertebrates

Answer 13

Animals with a spine made of certain Rae

Question 14

What are invertebrates

Answer 14

Animal with no vertebrae

Question 15

What are the 5 groups of vertebrate

Answer 15

Fish, birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles

Question 16

What does oviparous mean

Answer 16

Use internal fertilisation to reproduce and lay eggs

Fish, reptiles, birds

Question 17

What does it mean to be viviparous

Answer 17

Use internal fertilisation and give birth to live offspring, mammals

Question 18

What are homeotherms and poikilotherms

Answer 18

Homeotherms are vertebrates that regulate their temperature

Poikilotherms don’t regulate their core temp and it varies based on the environment

Question 19

What is the definition of a species

Answer 19

A group of organism that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 20

What are hybrids

Answer 20

Offspring from two very closely related species

Question 21

What is a ring species

Answer 21

When neighbouring populations of a group can interbreed to make fertile offspring but eventually, the characteristics of the two ends become so different, the ends can’t interbreed

Question 22

What is the binomial system and why is it so useful

Answer 22

Latin system used to name organisms, first word is the genus and the second is the species. Useful as it is universal, all scientists understand it

Question 23

Why is it hard for scientists to class a “new organism”

Answer 23

They have to find out first if it’s just a variation of an already known species or if it’s just a hybrid

Question 24

What is biodiversity

Answer 24

The measure of how many different species are in an area

Question 25

What is good about biodiverse areas

Answer 25

They recover from natural disasters much faster than less diverse areas. They are the places that we should look after most as the have the most different species

Question 26

What are the adaptations of polar bears

Answer 26

``` Small ears so don't lose too much heat from them White fur for camouflage Thick fatty layer for warmth Large feet for greater surface area Thick fur insulation Rough soles to grip ice ```

Question 27

Adaptations of deep sea Pompeii worms

Answer 27

Adapted for pleasures 200x that at sea level No eyes but sensitive tentacles as there's no light Stays in a papery tube to protect it Overhead in a thick layer of bacteria to cope with large temperature changes and protection from heat

Question 28

What is natural selection

Answer 28

Where organisms of a species compete to survive. The ones with the best variations will be more likely to survive than those without them. The ones that reach adulthood will be able to pass on that beneficial variation

Question 29

What is a chromosome

Answer 29

A structure formed from a strand of DNA

Question 30

What do chromosomes store

Answer 30

The instructions for parts of the person, e.g. One chromosome may contain info for height, eye colour and nose shape

Question 31

What are alleles

Answer 31

Different versions of the same gene. They control same things, e.g. Eye colour, but one May Day blue, the other May said brown

Question 32

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have

Answer 32

23

Question 33

What is a genotype and phenotype

Answer 33

Genotype is the alleles in an organism. Recessive or dominant. Phenotype is what it looks like. Purple, white etc

Question 34

What is the difference between being homozygous and heterozygous

Answer 34

Homozygous is where both alleles of a gene are the same and heterozygous is where they are different

Question 35

Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 35

Breathing is difficult Lots of flemme Weight loss due to mucus blocking tubes that carry enzymes to the digestive system

Question 36

Symptoms of sickle cell disease

Answer 36

Easily tired Achy joints due to blood clots Short of breath