B1.2.1 DNA

Question 1

Why do children look like their parents but not identical?

Answer 1

Because they inherit half of their chromosomes from their mother and half from their father, so they share DNA with both but they don’t share all of one parent’s DNA

Question 2

What is a gene

Answer 2

A short section of DNA that codes for a characteristic

Question 3

What is the function of a gene?

Answer 3

Code for all the proteins needed to make an organism

Question 4

DNA carries genetic information

Answer 4

Which are the instructions that determine your characteristics

Question 5

How is DNA structured? (3)

Answer 5

2 long strands twisted together into a double helix the strands are nucleotides so DNA is a polymer as nucleotides are monomers
One base, one deoxyribose and one phosphate in each nucleotide

Question 6

State the 4 bases in DNA

Answer 6

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

Question 7

How do the bases in DNA pair up

Answer 7

A T
G C

Question 8

How does the sequence of DNA affect the protein formed in protein synthesis

Answer 8

DNA is a triplet code where 3 bases code for one amino acid and the order of amino acids determine the protein

Question 9

What is an allele

Answer 9

Different versions of the same gene

Question 10

Arrange by smallest to largest: nucleus, gene, chromosome, cell, nucleotide

Answer 10

Nucleotide
Gene
Chromosome
Nucleus
Cell

Question 11

Name the protein that DNA coils around in the formation of a chromosome

Answer 11

Histone