B2.1 - Cell Structure Flashcards
Name all the parts in a plant cell.
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts.
What is a yeast cell?
Yeast is a single-celled microorganism. A yeast cell has a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall.
What are bacterial cells?
Bacteria are also single-celled microorganisms. A bacterial cell has a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus.
What does the nucleus do?
The nucleus contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.
What does the cytoplasm do?
The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions.
What does the cell membrane do?
The cell membrane holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
What do mitochondria do?
Mitochondria are where most of the reactions for respiration takes place. Respiration releases energy that the cell needs to work.
What do ribosomes do?
Ribosomes are where proteins are made in the cell.
What does the cell wall do?
The cell wall has a rigid structure made of cellulose. It supports and strengthens the cell. The cells of algae also have a rigid cell wall.
What does the vacuole do?
The vacuole contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.
What do chloroplasts do?
Chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy.
Give one difference between the structure of a yeast cell and the structure of a bacterial cell.
Bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus.
Name all the parts in an animal cell.
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.
