B2.5 Proteins-their Functions And Uses

Question 1

List 4 things that proteins can act as in the body

Answer 1

• pH balance
• immune function
• structure an movement
• transportation

Question 2

What is an enzyme ?

Answer 2

Enzymes are catalysts produced by living things

Question 3

Describe how enzymes are affected by the temperature and pH

Answer 3

Enzymes need the right temperature and pH because changing the temperature changes the rate of reaction.

Question 4

List the enzymes involved in digestion, where they are produced, where they work and what they breakdown.

Answer 4

Amylase converts starch into sugars.

• made in salivary glands, pancreas and the small intestine
• work in the mouth and small intestine

Protease converts proteins into amino acids

• made in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine
• works in the stomach and small intestine

Lipase converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

• made in the pancreas and the small intestine
• works in the small intestine

Question 5

Which type of enzymes can be used in biological weapons as Washing powders and why is this useful ?

Answer 5

Professes break down proteins so are good for blood, egg, gravy and other protein stains. Amylases break down starches and lipase break down fats and grease. Washing powders usually only contain one type of enzyme though some have two or all three.

Question 6

List the 3 enzymes used in industry and the reaction they catalyse

Answer 6

Carbohydrase enzymes are added to the starch to digest it into glucose.

Isomerase enzyme into fructose.

Protease enzymes are used to break down long chain molecules into short chains that are easier for babies to digest.

Question 7

What are proteins made of

Answer 7

Amino acids