B2a the human digestive system

Question 1

a. what is a cell?
b. give an example

Answer 1

a. the basic building blocks of all living organisms
b. muscle cell

Question 2

a. what is a tissue?
b. give an example

Answer 2

a. a group of cells with a similar structure and function
b. muscle tissue

Question 3

a. what is an organ?
b. give an example

Answer 3

a. multiple tissues working together to perform a specific function
b. heart

Question 4

a. what is an organ system?
b. give an example

Answer 4

a. multiple organs working together to perform a specific function
b. digestive system

Question 5

a. what is an organism?
b. give an example

Answer 5

a. a living thing
b. human, bacteria

Question 6

list the following from smallest to largest:
organ system, tissue, cell, organism, organ

Answer 6

cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 7

what is the function of the mouth in the digestion system?

Answer 7

mechanically chews food

Question 8

what is the function of the salivary glands in the digestion system?

Answer 8

produces enzymes

Question 9

what is the function of the oesophagus in the digestion system?

Answer 9

carries food down to stomach

Question 10

what is the function of the stomach in the digestion system?

Answer 10

contracts to churn food, contains hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens

Question 11

what is the function of the pancreas in the digestion system?

Answer 11

makes enzymes

Question 12

what is an enzyme?

Answer 12

a protein that speeds up reactions

Question 13

what is the function of the liver in the digestion system?

Answer 13

makes bile

Question 14

what is the function of the gall bladder in the digestion system?

Answer 14

stores bile

Question 15

what is the function of the small intestine in the digestion system?

Answer 15

absorbs small, soluble food molecules

Question 16

what is the function of the large intestine in the digestion system?

Answer 16

absorbs water

Question 17

what is the definition of digestion?

Answer 17

the breaking down of large, insoluble food molecules into small, soluble ones that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 18

what is the definition of denature?

Answer 18

when the active site of an enzyme changes shape

Question 19

what chemical do you use to test for starch?

Answer 19

iodine

Question 20

what colour change would you see when adding iodine to starch?

Answer 20

brown/orange -> blue/black

Question 21

what chemical do you use to test for sugar?

Answer 21

benedicts solution + heat

Question 22

what colour change would you see when adding benedicts solution to sugar?

Answer 22

blue -> red

Question 23

what chemical do you use to test for protein?

Answer 23

biuret reagent

Question 24

what colour change would you see when adding biuret reagent to protein?

Answer 24

blue -> purple

Question 25

what chemical do you use to test for lipids (fats)?

Answer 25

ethanol and water

Question 26

what colour change would you see when adding ethanol and water to lipids?

Answer 26

clear -> cloudy white