B3 Flashcards
(41 cards)
Tissue
A group of similar cells working together to carry out a particular function
Muscular tissue
Contracts to move whatever it’s attached to
Glandular tissue
Makes and secretes chemicals like enzymes and hormones
Epithelial tissue
Covers some parts of the body
Cells
The basic building blocks making up all living organisms
Organ
A group of different tissues working to perform a certain function
Organ system
A group of organs working together to form a particular function
Function of small intestine
To digest food
To absorb soluble food molecules
Function of large intestine
Absorbing water from undigested food, leaving faeces
A catalyst
A substance increasing the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction
How does amylase break starch down
The enzyme amylase breaks starch down to maltose
Effect of PH on enzyme activity practical
1) Put a drop of iodine solution into each well of a spotting tile.
2) Place a bunsen burner on a heat-proof mat, and a tripod/gauze over the Bunsen burner. Put a beaker of water on top of the tripod and heat the water until it’s 35C(thermometer measures temperature). Keep a constant temperature of the water through the experiment.
3) Use a syringe to add 1cm3 of amylase solution and 1cm3 of buffer solution with a ph of 5 to a boiling tube. Using test tube holders, place the tube in a beaker of water and wait for five minutes.
4)Use a different syringe to add 5cm3 of starch solution to the boiling tube.
5)Mix the contents of the boiling tube and start a stop clock.
6)Use continuous sampling to record how long it takes for the amylase to break down all the starch. Use a dropping pipette to take a fresh sample from the boiling tube every 30 seconds and put a drop into a well. When the iodine solution remains browny-orange, starch’s no longer present.
7)Repeat the experiment with buffer solutions of different PH values - control variables include concentration and volume of amylase solution.
Rate of reaction(for something changing over time)
Amount of product formed/changed divided by time
Normal rate of reaction
1000/time
Where is amylase made
The salivary glands
The pancreas
The small intestine
Where are lipases made
Pancreas and small intestine
Where are proteases made
The stomach
The pancreas
The small intestine
Uses of products of digestion
Make new carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
Some glucose made is used in respiration
Where is bile stored before being released into the small intestine
Gall bladder
What are protease enzymes called in the stomach?
Pepsin
Functions of hydrochloric acid
To kill bacteria
To give the right PH for the protease enzyme to work(PH2- acidic)
Functions of stomach
Pummels the food with muscular walls
Produces the protease enzyme pepsin
Produces hydrochloric acid
Function of rectum
Where the faeces are stored before bidding a farewell through the anus.
Preparing a food sample(before every food test)
1)Get a piece of food and break it up using a pestle and mortar
2)Transfer the ground up food to a beaker and add some distilled water.
3)Give the mixture a good stir with a glass rod to dissolve some of the food,
4)Filter the solution using a funnel lined with filter paper to get rid of the solid bits of food
