B3.1.2 animal transport Flashcards
(7 cards)
1
Q
why is a transport system necessary (5 points)
A
- to supply nutrients and oxygen
- to remove waste products
- temperature maintenance (birds + mammals)
- hormone circulation
- circulation of cells involved in defense
2
Q
why large organisms need circulatory systems (3 points)
A
- size- increases diffusion distance meaning it’s less effective
- surface area to volume ratio- decreases as size of organism increases
- more metabolically active- larger organisms tend to be more active so there will be a greater demand for oxygen, nutrients and removal of waste products
3
Q
what is mass flow
A
bulk transport of materials from 1 point to another due to a pressure difference between the 2 points
all the substances are moved together unlike in diffusion
4
Q
what are the components of a circulatory system
A
- circulatory fluid (blood)
- contractile pumping device (heart)
- tubes through which fluid can circulate (blood vessels)
5
Q
open circulatory system
A
- haemolymph is moved out of the tubular heart into the haemocoel
- haemolymph moves between tissues and returns to the heart through ostia (one way valves)
- haemolymph mixes with tissue fluid
insects
6
Q
closed circulatory system
A
- the heart pumps blood through arteries, veins and capillaries
- substances can only move in/out of blood in capillaries
7
Q
how do muscles support transport in insects
A
