B4-Bioenergetics Flashcards
(24 cards)
Name the pigment found in
chloroplasts that absorbs light energy
Chlorophyll
State the word equation for
photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
Which substance needed for
photosynthesis is taken in by osmosis
in the root hair cells?
Water
What type of energy is needed for
photosynthesis to occur?
Light energy
What are the three limiting factors
of photosynthesis?
Light intensity, CO2 levels and temperature
What does aerobic mean?
Lots of oxygen present
State the word equation for aerobic
respiration
Oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water
How does oxygen enter cells?
Diffusion
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
Mitochondria
What is the purpose of respiration?
Provide energy to the cells
What does anaerobic mean?
Little or no oxygen present
State the word equation for
anaerobic respiration
Glucose → lactic acid (in animals)
Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
(in plants and yeast)
What is the term for the amount of
oxygen the body needs after
exercise to react with lactic acid?
Oxygen debt
What substance used in baking
bread releases carbon dioxide to
make the bread rise?
Yeast
When does anaerobic respiration
occur?
When there is very little or no oxygen present
Which product of anaerobic
respiration causes muscle fatigue?
Lactic Acid
Which type of respiration is more
efficient?
Aerobic respiration
Which type of respiration is more
efficient?
Muscles need more energy from
respiration
Why do you breathe heavily even after
you have exercised?
Increase oxygen supply to react with
lactic acid in muscle cells
Give two uses of glucose in cells
Respiration, cellulose to strengthen cell wall, produce amino acids for protein synthesis, stored as fat or oil and converted to insoluble starch for storage
What word is used to describe all
the chemical reactions happening in
an organism?
Metabolism
How does the body supply the
muscles with more oxygenated
blood?
Heart rate, breathing rate and breath
volume increases
What is anaerobic respiration in
yeast cells called?
Fermentation
What do organisms need energy for?
Building large molecules in chemical
reactions, muscle contraction for
movement and keeping warm
