B5

Question 1

Apart from illness, what factors may affect both mental and physical health?

Answer 1

Diet, stress and life situations

Question 2

What are communicable diseases caused by?

Answer 2

Pathogens

Question 3

Name 4 examples of pathogens?

Answer 3

Bacteria, viruses, fungi and protists

Question 4

How does bacteria make you feel ill?

Answer 4

By producing toxins

Question 5

How is cell damage caused by viruses?

Answer 5

By viruses living and reproducing inside your cells

Question 6

How can pathogens be spread?

Answer 6

Direct contact, by air or by water

Question 7

How does bacteria reproduce?

Answer 7

Binary fission

Question 8

How often can bacteria multiply by if they have enough nutrients and a suitable temperature

Answer 8

Every 20 minuites

Question 9

What did Semmelweis do?

Answer 9

Introduce hand washing

Question 10

What did semelweis’s work help prevent?

Answer 10

Child bed fever

Question 11

Name 6 ways we can improve prevent the spread of communicable diseases

Answer 11

Isolation
Hand washing
Limiting cross contamination
Disinfectants
Destroying vectors(carriers)
Vaccinations

Question 12

How is measles spread?

Answer 12

Droplets

Question 13

What does measles cause?

Answer 13

Fever and a rash

Question 14

How can we prevent the spread of measles?

Answer 14

Isolation and vaccination

Question 15

How is HIV spread?

Answer 15

Sexual contact or exchange of bodily fluids

Question 16

How is tobacco massif virus spread?

Answer 16

Contact and vectors

Question 17

How is tobacco mosaic virus prevented?

Answer 17

Field hygiene and pest control

Question 18

How is salmonella spread?

Answer 18

Undercooked food and poor hygiene

Question 19

What are symptoms of salmonella?

Answer 19

Fever, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea and comit ting

Question 20

What are symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Answer 20

Discharge from the penis and vagina and pain on urination

Question 21

How is gonorrhoea treated?

Answer 21

Antibiotics

Question 22

How can we prevent the spread of gonorrhoea?

Answer 22

Using condoms and limiting sexual partners

Question 23

What type of disease is rose black spot?

Answer 23

A fungal disease

Question 24

How is rose black spot spread?

Answer 24

By wind and water

Question 25

How does rose black spot affect a plant?

Answer 25

Damages leaves so they drop off, this affects growth as photosynthesis is reduced

Question 26

How is spread of rose black spot reduced?

Answer 26

Removing leaves and chemical sprays

Question 27

How is malaria caused?

Answer 27

Parasitic protists

Question 28

How is malaria spread?

Answer 28

The bit of female mosquitos

Question 29

What does malaria damage?

Answer 29

Blood and liver cells

Question 30

What does Malaysia cause?

Answer 30

Fevers and shaking

Question 31

How is spread of malaria reduced?

Answer 31

Preventing vectors from breeding and by using mosquito nets

Question 32

What is the body’s first line of defence against pathogens?

Answer 32

The skin

Question 33

How else does the body defend against pathogens apart from the skin?

Answer 33

The nose, trachea, bronchi and the stomach

Question 34

How does your white blood cells help to defend against pathogens?

Answer 34

By ingesting them and making antibodies and antitoxins

Question 35

How are plants infected?

Answer 35

Viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens as well as insect pests

Question 36

How are plants damaged?

Answer 36

Ion deficiency conditions

Question 37

What are a plants physical defences against invasion by microorganisms?

Answer 37

Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles and layers of bark or dead cells

Question 38

What are a plants chemical defences?

Answer 38

Antibacterial chemicals and poisons to deter herbivores

Question 39

How do plants defend against herbivores?

Answer 39

Thorns, hairs, leaves that droop or curl when touched and mimicry