B5

Question 1

how does negative feedback work?

Answer 1

any change in the system causes an action that reverses the change

Question 2

is the nervous system or endocrine system faster acting

Answer 2

nervous

Question 3

does the endocrine system or nervous system act more generally across the body?

Answer 3

endocrine

Question 4

T or F? A hormone can only stimulate specific types of cells

Answer 4

true

Question 5

which gland releases thyroxine

Answer 5

thyroid

Question 6

what is the role of thyroxine

Answer 6

it regulates metabolism

Question 7

which organ is adrenaline released from?

Answer 7

adrenal glands

Question 8

which organ is insulin released from

Answer 8

pancreas

Question 9

do the effects of the endocrine system or the nervous system last longer?

Answer 9

endocrine

Question 10

what happens if blood glucose concentration falls too low?

Answer 10

there won’t be enough glucose tissue cells to respire

Question 11

which organ detects changes in blood glucose concentration?

Answer 11

pancreas

Question 12

which hormone decreases blood glucose levels?

Answer 12

insulin

Question 13

what are the two main organs that insulin stimulates to absorb glucose from the blood?

Answer 13

muscles and liver

Question 14

when glucose is absorbed by the liver for long term storage, what molecule is it converted to?

Answer 14

glycogen

Question 15

when blood glucose levels fall too low, it’s detected by what?

Answer 15

the pancreas

Question 16

what hormone is released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels fall too low?

Answer 16

glucagon

Question 17

both types of diabetes is when the body can’t regulate the levels of what properly?

Answer 17

glucose

Question 18

glucose is a type of:

Answer 18

carbohydrate

Question 19

what type of diabetes commonly occurs in younger people?

Answer 19

type 1

Question 20

what is the underlying issue in type 1 diabetes?

Answer 20

the pancreas doesn’t release enough insulin

Question 21

how is type 1 diabetes managed?

Answer 21

-inject insulin
-monitor diet
-exercise regularly

Question 22

is type 1 diabetes a temporary or lifelong condition?

Answer 22

life long

Question 23

what is the underlying issue in type 2 diabetes?

Answer 23

the body’s tissues become resistant to insulin

Question 24

what age group is more likely to get type 2 diabetes

Answer 24

older

Question 25

which organ is testosterone released from?

Answer 25

testes

Question 26

how long does the average menstrual cycle last?

Answer 26

28 days

Question 27

what happens in stage one of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 27

period of bleeding as the uterus lining breaks down?

Question 28

what is the name of stage one of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 28

menstruation

Question 29

what happens in stage two of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 29

building up of the uterus lining

Question 30

what happens in stage three of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 30

release of the egg from the ovaries

Question 31

what is the name of stage 3 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 31

ovulation

Question 32

what happens in stage 4 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 32

maintenance of the uterus lining

Question 33

which hormone stimulates the uterus lining to develop?

Answer 33

oestrogen

Question 34

which organ are both luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone released from?

Answer 34

pituitary gland

Question 35

which hormone stimulates the egg to be released at ovulation?

Answer 35

luteinising hormone (LH)

Question 36

which hormone stimulates the egg follicle to mature?

Answer 36

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 37

which hormone maintains the lining of the uterus?

Answer 37

progesterone

Question 38

which hormones can hormonal contraceptives contain?

Answer 38

progesterone and oestrogen

Question 39

how can oestrogen act as a contraceptive?

Answer 39

inhibit FSH production, so that eggs can’t mature

Question 40

how can progesterone act as a contraceptive?

Answer 40

stimulate the production of mucus in the cervix so sperm can’t enter the uterus

Question 41

what hormones does the oral contraceptive pill contain

Answer 41

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 42

what is the longest lasting contraceptive method

Answer 42

intrauterine device

Question 43

where does the diaphragm sit to prevent sperm from entering the uterus?

Answer 43

the cervix

Question 44

if a man undergoes sterilisation, which structure is cut or tied?

Answer 44

sperm duct

Question 45

what does FSH do?

Answer 45

stimulate an egg to mature

Question 46

what does LH do?

Answer 46

stimulate an egg to be released

Question 47

what does IVF stand for?

Answer 47

in vitro fertilisation

Question 48

what is intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Answer 48

sperm is injected into an egg cell with a tiny needle

Question 49

why are embryos kept in an incubator whilst in the laboratory?

Answer 49

to provide the optimum temperature for enzymes and thus cell growth

Question 50

what effect does adrenaline have on heart rate?

Answer 50

it increases it

Question 51

when is adrenaline released?

Answer 51

when you’re scared

Question 52

describe 3 changes in the body to prepare for a fight or flight response caused by adrenaline

Answer 52

-increased heart rate -increased blood pressure -increased blood glucose levels

Question 53

adrenaline causes the conversion of which substances?

Answer 53

glycogen to glucose

Question 54

which organ is thyroxine released from?

Answer 54

thyroid gland

Question 55

what is the main role of thyroxine?

Answer 55

to increase your metabolic rate

Question 56

which organ is TSH released from

Answer 56

pituitary gland

Question 57

what does TSH stand for

Answer 57

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 58

does thyroxine stimulate or inhibit the pituitary gland from releasing TSH?

Answer 58

inhibit

Question 59

does TSH stimulate or inhibit the thyroid gland from releasing thyroxine?

Answer 59

stimulate

Question 60

which type of feedback is involved in the regulation of thyroxine levels?

Answer 60

negative

Question 61

describe what will happen when thyroxine levels are too high

Answer 61

thyroxine inhibits the pituitary gland from the releasing TSH, less TSH means the thyroid gland won’t release as much thyroxine. thyroxine levels fall back to normal over time, this is an example of negative feedback

Question 63

what passes along nerve cells

Answer 63

electrical impulses

Question 64

what is in the gap between two neurones

Answer 64

synapses

Question 65

what is released across a synapse

Answer 65

chemicals

Question 66

what is the role of a receptor

Answer 66

to detect a stimulus

Question 67

what is the role of a sensory neurone

Answer 67

to transfer a signal from a receptor to the CNS

Question 68

what is the role of a motor neurone

Answer 68

to transfer a signal from the CNS for an effector

Question 69

what is the role of a relay neurone

Answer 69

to transfer a signal from a sensory neurone to a motor neurone

Question 70

what is a reflex

Answer 70

an automatic response to a stimulus

Question 71

what are the two main types of effectors

Answer 71

muscles and glands

Question 72

example of a reflex:

Answer 72

sneezing, blinking when you get dust in your eye

Question 73

why are reflexes important?

Answer 73

they protect us from harm

Question 74

example of receptor

Answer 74

skin