B5 Health and Disease Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is health
The state of physical and mental wellbeing
Definition of a non-communicable disease
It is a medical condition or disease that cannot be spread from person to person (not caused by infectious agents)
Definition of a communicable disease
Its an infectious disease which can be transmitted from person to person
Name 4 risk factors
-age
-gender
-diet
-local environment
How can gender affect a person’s health
Males have a risk of prostrate cancer and a higher risk of baldness
-Females have a risk of breast cancer
How ethnic group have an affect on peoples health
Darker skinned people have a higher risk of rickets due to lack of exposure to sunlight
state 3 factors that affect your health
diet- you need to have a good, balanced diet
- if not you may suffer from starvation,
anaemia or rickets
stress- being constantly under stress can lead to health issues
life situations, e.g finacial status, gender, how many children you have, part of the world
What can viruses in living cells contribute to
human papilloma- Cervical cancer
Name direct risk factors for non communicable diseases
type 2 diabetes-high blood pressure and smoking over 40years of age
coronary- high saturated fat intake, low excersise level
What are communicable diseases caused by?
Pathogens (microorganisms) which include bacteria, viruses, fungi and protists.
How do Bacteria and viruses make you feel ill
Produce toxins
How do viruses make you ill?
Live and reproduce inside your cells, causing cell damage
Name four ways in which the spread of disease can be prevented
-Simple Hygiene
-Destroying Vectors
-Vaccination
-Isolation
explain the Measles Virus
-spread by Droplet infection
-Causes/symptoms fever and a rash
-NO CURE
-Isolation of parents and Vaccination prevents spread
how is measles spread
inhiliation of droplets from coughs and sneezes and is very infectious
explain the virus HIV
-initally causes a Flu-like illness
-Attacks body’s immune cells
-AIDS occurs when the system become so damaged it can’t deal with cancers or infections
state how HIV is spread
-spread by sexual contact or exchange of body fluids
-or by a mother to child in breast milk
how can the spread of HIV/AIDS be prevented
-using condoms
-not sharing needles
-screening blood used for transfusions
state what the tobacco mosaic virus is
-Spread by contact and vectors
-Damages leaves, reduces photosynthesis. No treatment.
-NO TREATMENT
-Spreads prevented by field hygiene and pest control.
State a fungal disease
Rose black spot
-Spread by wind and water.
-Damages leaves so they drop off, affecting photosynthesis.
Spreads prevented by removing affected leaves and chemical sprays.
state a disease caused by a protist
Malaria
-caused by Parasitic Protists spread by female mosquitos.
-it damages blood and liver cells, causes fever and shaking. CAN BE FATAL
-can be prevented by stopping vectors from breeding, mosquito nets to stop people from being bitten
state 2bacterial diseases
-salmonella
-gonorrhoea
state what salmonella
-spread through undercooked food and poor hygiene
-symptoms include fever, abdominal cramps, diarrohea and vomiting
all caused from toxins the bacteria produces
-to control the spread most poultrys vaccinated against salmonella
state what gonorrhoea is
-sexually transmitted disease
-symptoms: discharge from penis to vagina and the pain on urination
-treatment involves antibiotics
-use condoms or barriers of contraception
