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BMB Test 1 > B7-002 CNS Development > Flashcards

B7-002 CNS Development Flashcards

1
Q

notochord induces the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into […] and […]

A

neuroectoderm
neural plate

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2
Q

notochord becomes the […] in adults

A

nucleus pulposus

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3
Q

neural plate gives rise to [2]

A

neural tube
neural crest cells

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4
Q

lateral walls of the neural tube are divided into […] and […] plates

A

alar (dorsal)
basal (ventral)

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5
Q

the alar (dorsal) plate is induced by

A

BMPs

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6
Q

the basal (ventral) plate is induced by

A

SHH

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7
Q

closure of the neural tube starts in the […]

A

middle and proceeds both rostrally and caudally

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8
Q

failure of caudal neural tube to close but no herniation
dura is intact

A

spina bifida occulta

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9
Q

associated with tuft of hair or skin dimple at level of bony defect

A

spina bifida occulta

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10
Q

meninges (but no neural tissue) herniate though bony defect

A

meningocele

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11
Q

meninges and neural tissue herniate through bony defect

A

myelomeningocele

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12
Q

exposed, unfused neural tissue without skin/meningeal covering

A

myeloschisis

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13
Q

failure of rostral neuropore to close
no forebrain, open calvarium

A

anencephaly

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14
Q

anencephaly often presents with […]

A

polyhydraminios

(decreased fetal swallowing)

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15
Q

[…] can reduce the incidence of spina bifida

A

folic acid

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16
Q

sensory neurons derive from

A

neural crest

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17
Q

adrenergic and cholinergic neurons derive from

A

neural crest

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18
Q

proliferation of neural and glial cells occurs in the

A

neural tube

(interkinetic nuclear migration)

19
Q

the time of a neuron’s last cell division

A

neuronal birthday 🥳

(can be used to determine when neurons was formed)

20
Q

describe interkinetic nuclear migration

A

neurons move from the outersurface of the neural tube down to the lumenal surface for mitosis

21
Q

zika virus preferentially targets

A

developing neurons in babies
newly generated neurons in adults

22
Q

the telencephalon and the diencephalon develop from the […]

A

forebrain (proencephalon)

23
Q

the metencephalon and the myelencephalon develop from the […]

A

hindbrain (rhombencephalon)

24
Q

list the parts of the three vesicle stage of the neural tube

A

proencephalon (forebrain)
mesenencephalon (midbrain)
rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

25
Q

list the parts of the five vesicle stage of the neural tube

A

telencephalon
diencephalon
mesencephalon
metencephalon
myelencephalon

26
Q

telencephalon becomes the

A

cerebral hemisphere

27
Q

diencephalon becomes the

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

28
Q

the metencephalon becomes the

A

pons

29
Q

the myelencephalon becomes the

A

medulla

30
Q

[…] genes govern segmentation of the nervous system

A

homeobox

31
Q

proliferation of neurons by mitotic activity occurs in the […] of the neural tube, then migrate out

A

ventricular zone

32
Q

in the spinal cord […] regions are sensory

A

dorsal

33
Q

in the spinal cord […] regions are motor

A

ventral

34
Q

in the brainstem […] regions are lateral

A

sensory

35
Q

in the brainstem […] regions are medial

A

motor

36
Q

targets produce […] to ensure the correct number of neurons innervate them

A

trophic factors

(neurons are produced in excess, and die to match the target size)

37
Q

cortical laminar development uses […] cells as guides for migration

A

radial glia

(absence causes major cortical dysfunction)

38
Q

more […] regions of the nervous system are generated first, then a wave moves […]

A

caudal
rostrally

39
Q

the […] layer of the cerebral cortex develops first, then moves […]

A

lower
outward

radial glial cells

40
Q

neuronal proliferation occurs in the […] layer of the neural tube

A

ventricular

41
Q

once a neuroblast has it’s “birthday”, it migrates out of the ventricular layer into the […] layer

A

mantle

(will become gray matter)

42
Q

spina bifida is caused by failure of

A

caudal neuropore closure

43
Q

anencephaly is caused by failure of

A

rostral neuropore closure

44
Q

guide the migration of neurons from deeper to more superficial layers resulting in distinct cortical layers

A

radial glial cells

BMB Test 1 (17 decks)

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