B8 Vocabulary

Question 1

any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

Answer 1

Alveoli

Question 2

temporary cessation of breathing,
especially during sleep

Answer 2

Apnea

Question 3

a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing

Answer 3

Asthma

Question 4

: The two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs

Answer 4

Bronchi

Question 5

inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bronchial tubes. It typically causes bronchospasm and coughing

Answer 5

Bronchitis

Question 6

is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible

Answer 6

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 7

skin that is blue or gray

Answer 7

Cyanotic

Question 8

The strong, dome-shaped muscle that
separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and assists in breathing.

Answer 8

Diaphragm

Question 9

difficulty breathing

Answer 9

Dyspnea

Question 10

a condition in which the air sacs of
the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness

Answer 10

Emphysema

Question 11

a flap of cartilage at the root of the
tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe

Answer 11

Epiglottis

Question 12

cough or spit out (phlegm) from the
throat or lungs

Answer 12

Expectorate

Question 13

the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box

Answer 13

Larynx

Question 14

the nostrils

Answer 14

Nares

Question 15

also known as “whooping cough,” is a
highly contagious, acute respiratory illness characterized by fits of coughing and caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis.

Answer 15

Pertussis

Question 16

lung inflammation caused by bacterial
or viral infection, in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid

Answer 16

Pneumonia

Question 17

is a feeling of difficult or labored breathing that is out of proportion to the person’s level of physical activity

Answer 17

Shortness of Breath SOB

Question 18

a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the
lungs; the windpipe

Answer 18

Trachea

Question 19

relating to or affecting respiration or the organs of respiration.

Answer 19

Respiratory

Answer 20

Genitourinary/ Urinary:

Question 21

A common, noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland

Answer 21

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)

Question 22

a membranous sac in humans and other animals, in which urine is collected for excretion

Answer 22

Bladder

Question 23

A procedure that is done to remove waste products and fluids from the body when a person’s kidneys fail and can no longer perform this task.

Answer 23

Dialysis

Question 24

painful or difficult urination

Answer 24

Dysuria

Question 25

Clumps of minerals that form in the kidneys and bladder. Symptoms include severe flank pain and blood in the urine

Answer 25

Kidney Stone

Question 26

a condition where the individual has to wake at night one or more times for voiding

Answer 26

Nocturia

Question 27

a condition in which the kidneys fail to function adequately

Answer 27

Renal Failure

Question 28

is an infection a person can get by having sex

Answer 28

Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)

Question 29

is the creation of a stoma (a new, artificial outlet) for a URETER or kidney to permit urine to pass

Answer 29

Ureterostomy

Question 30

as the inability to completely or partially empty the bladder

Answer 30

Urinary Retention

Question 31

Infection within any part of the urinary system that can cause symptoms of burning, cramping, and a frequent urge to urinate.

Answer 31

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Question 32

relating to the stomach and the intestines.relating to the process of digesting food.

Answer 32

Gastrointestinal/ Digestive

Question 33

: an act of defecation

Answer 33

Bowel Movement

Question 34

also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion

Answer 34

Bowel Obstruction

Question 35

close-fitting legless underpants that are cut so as to cover the body to the waist, used for persons who are incontinent

Answer 35

Briefs

Question 36

a surgical operation in which a piece of the COLON is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon

Answer 36

Colostomy

Question 37

the inability to eliminate stool, or the infrequent, difficult, and often painful elimination of a hard, dry stool.

Answer 37

Constipation

Question 38

the discharge of feces from the body

Answer 38

Defecation

Question 39

a condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form

Answer 39

Diarrhea

Question 40

a specific amount of water, with or without an additive, which is introduced into the colon to stimulate the elimination of stool

Answer 40

Enema

Question 41

is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation.

Answer 41

Fecal Impaction

Question 42

gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation

Answer 42

Flatus

Question 43

gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation

Answer 43

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)

Question 44

a swollen vein or group of veins in the region of the anus

Answer 44

Hemorrhoids

Question 45

a surgical operation in which a piece of the ILEUM is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall

Answer 45

Ileostomy

Question 46

a surgical operation in which a piece of the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon

Answer 46

Colostomy

Question 47

a lesion in the lining (mucosa) of the digestive tract, typically in the stomach or duodenum, caused by the digestive action of pepsin and stomach acid

Answer 47

Peptic Ulcers

Question 48

The term used when liquid backs up into the esophagus from the stomach

Answer 48

Reflux

Question 49

an artificial opening in the body from which waste can be eliminated

Answer 49

Stoma

Question 50

relating to or denoting glands which secrete hormones or other products directly into the blood. "the endocrine system"

Answer 50

Endocrine:

Question 51

the concentration of glucose in the blood

Answer 51

Blood Sugar

Question 52

the immune system makes antibodies that act against the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Type 2 diabetes (formerly called adult-onset or non-insulin dependent diabetes) can develop at any age

Answer 52

Diabetes Types 1 & 2

Question 53

a medical device for determining the approximate concentration of glucose in the blood

Answer 53

Glucometer

Question 54

chemical substances created by the body that control numerous body functions

Answer 54

Hormones

Question 55

a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a form of diabetes

Answer 55

Insulin

Question 56

physical and chemical processes by which substances are produced or broken down into energy or products for use by the body

Answer 56

Metabolism

Question 57

a large GLAND behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the hormones insulin and glucagon

Answer 57

Pancreas

Question 58

production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine

Answer 58

Polyuria

Question 59

a large ductless gland in the neck that secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism

Answer 59

Thyroid