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CNA Flashcards > B8 Vocabulary > Flashcards

B8 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

A

Alveoli

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2
Q

temporary cessation of breathing,
especially during sleep

A

Apnea

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3
Q

a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing

A

Asthma

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4
Q

: The two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs

A

Bronchi

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5
Q

inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bronchial tubes. It typically causes bronchospasm and coughing

A

Bronchitis

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6
Q

is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

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7
Q

skin that is blue or gray

A

Cyanotic

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8
Q

The strong, dome-shaped muscle that
separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and assists in breathing.

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

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10
Q

a condition in which the air sacs of
the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness

A

Emphysema

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11
Q

a flap of cartilage at the root of the
tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe

A

Epiglottis

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12
Q

cough or spit out (phlegm) from the
throat or lungs

A

Expectorate

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13
Q

the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box

A

Larynx

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14
Q

the nostrils

A

Nares

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15
Q

also known as “whooping cough,” is a
highly contagious, acute respiratory illness characterized by fits of coughing and caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis.

A

Pertussis

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16
Q

lung inflammation caused by bacterial
or viral infection, in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid

A

Pneumonia

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17
Q

is a feeling of difficult or labored breathing that is out of proportion to the person’s level of physical activity

A

Shortness of Breath SOB

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18
Q

a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the
lungs; the windpipe

A

Trachea

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19
Q

relating to or affecting respiration or the organs of respiration.

A

Respiratory

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20
Q
A

Genitourinary/ Urinary:

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21
Q

A common, noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland

A

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)

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22
Q

a membranous sac in humans and other animals, in which urine is collected for excretion

A

Bladder

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23
Q

A procedure that is done to remove waste products and fluids from the body when a person’s kidneys fail and can no longer perform this task.

A

Dialysis

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24
Q

painful or difficult urination

A

Dysuria

25
Q

Clumps of minerals that form in the
kidneys and bladder. Symptoms include severe flank pain and blood in the urine

A

Kidney Stone

26
Q

a condition where the individual has to
wake at night one or more times for voiding

A

Nocturia

27
Q

a condition in which the kidneys
fail to function adequately

A

Renal Failure

28
Q

is an infection a person can get by having sex

A

Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)

29
Q

is the creation of a stoma (a new,
artificial outlet) for a URETER or kidney to permit urine to pass

A

Ureterostomy

30
Q

as the inability to completely
or partially empty the bladder

A

Urinary Retention

31
Q

Infection within any part of the urinary system that can cause symptoms of burning, cramping, and a frequent
urge to urinate.

A

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

32
Q

relating to the stomach and the intestines.relating to the process of digesting food.

A

Gastrointestinal/ Digestive

33
Q

: an act of defecation

A

Bowel Movement

34
Q

also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the
normal movement of the products of digestion

A

Bowel Obstruction

35
Q

close-fitting legless underpants that are cut so as to cover the body to the waist, used for persons who are incontinent

A

Briefs

36
Q

a surgical operation in which a piece of
the COLON is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of
the colon

A

Colostomy

37
Q

the inability to eliminate stool, or the
infrequent, difficult, and often painful elimination of a hard, dry stool.

A

Constipation

38
Q

the discharge of feces from the body

A

Defecation

39
Q

a condition in which feces are
discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form

A

Diarrhea

40
Q

a specific amount of water, with or without an additive, which is introduced into the colon to
stimulate the elimination of stool

A

Enema

41
Q

is a solid, immobile bulk of feces
that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation.

A

Fecal Impaction

42
Q

gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation

A

Flatus

43
Q

gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)

44
Q

a swollen vein or group of veins in
the region of the anus

A

Hemorrhoids

45
Q

a surgical operation in which a piece of
the ILEUM is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall

A

Ileostomy

46
Q

a surgical operation in which a piece of
the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon

A

Colostomy

47
Q

a lesion in the lining (mucosa) of the
digestive tract, typically in the stomach or duodenum, caused by the digestive action of pepsin and stomach acid

A

Peptic Ulcers

48
Q

The term used when liquid backs up into the esophagus from the stomach

A

Reflux

49
Q

an artificial opening in the body from
which waste can be eliminated

A

Stoma

50
Q

relating to or denoting glands which secrete hormones or other products directly into the blood.
“the endocrine system”

A

Endocrine:

51
Q

the concentration of glucose in the
blood

A

Blood Sugar

52
Q

the immune system makes antibodies that act against the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Type 2
diabetes (formerly called adult-onset or non-insulin dependent diabetes) can develop at any age

A

Diabetes Types 1 & 2

53
Q

a medical device for determining the
approximate concentration of glucose in the blood

A

Glucometer

54
Q

chemical substances created by the
body that control numerous body functions

A

Hormones

55
Q

a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a
form of diabetes

A

Insulin

56
Q

physical and chemical processes by
which substances are produced or broken down into energy or products for use by the body

A

Metabolism

57
Q

a large GLAND behind the stomach that
secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the
hormones insulin and glucagon

A

Pancreas

58
Q

production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine

A

Polyuria

59
Q

a large ductless gland in the neck that
secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism

A

Thyroid

CNA Flashcards (15 decks)

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