B9: Respiration Flashcards
What is energy used for?
Movement
Constant body temp.
Chemical reactions (small molecules to large molecules)
Why is respiration an exothermic reaction?
It releases energy
What is the reaction for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
What are the benefits of aerobic respiration?
Lots of energy (glucose fully oxidised)
What is the reaction for anaerobic respiration in humans?
glucose → lactic acid + energy
What are the conditions required for anaerobic respiraiton?
When there is a shortage of oxygen
What are the disadvantages of anaerobic respiration?
Less energy produced (incomplete oxidation of glucose)
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
Why is fermentation useful?
Alcoholic drinks
CO2 makes bread rise
Why does anaerobic respiration increase when excersising?
A greater deal of energy is needed for muscle contraction, meaning the body cells require more oxygen
Why does breathing rate and breathing volume increase when exercising?
To provide extra oxygen to the body
What is oxygen debt?
A build up of lactic acid causing the muscles to become fatigued, thus more oxygen is required to remove it.
- the extra amount of oxygen your body needs after exercise to deal with the accumulated lactic acid
How does the body get rid of lactic acid?
It’s transported out of the muscles by blood. It’s then taken to the liver and converted back to glucose
What is the metabolism?
The sum of all chemical reactions taking place in the body
What are the metabolism reactions in plants?
Glucose:
Cellulose for strength
Starch for energy store
Amino acids for proteins
