B9-Respiration Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (as ATP)
What are some energy uses in the body?
-active transport
-cell division
-maintaining constant conditions in cells and the body
-for muscular contractions
Why is respiration an exothermic reaction?
Respiration releases energy - it is an
exothermic process. The energy is stored in molecules of ATP which can be broken down in other processes in cells to release the stored energy.
Why do heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume change with exercise?
During exercise, heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume all increase to meet the body’s increased demand for oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.
why do stores of glycogen change with exercise
During exercise, muscles break down glycogen to release glucose for energy, and the liver also contributes by converting glycogen to glucose (glycogenesis, is triggered by the hormone insulin) to maintain blood sugar levels.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
In plants and yeast: Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
In animal cells: Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy
What are some uses of fermentation?
it is used to make alcoholic drinks and bread
Can you write the balanced symbol equation for anaerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + energy
glucose–> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Why do muscles get tired during exercise?
-depletion of energy stores- muscle glycogen stores, the main source of carbohydrate energy in your muscles
Why does anaerobic respiration release less energy than aerobic respiration?
In anaerobic respiration, glucose is only partially broken down, resulting in the production of lactic acid in animals or ethanol and carbon dioxide in plants and yeast
Why do breathing and heart rate continue to increase after exercise?
lactic acid
needs to be reacted to form co2 and water
BR will stay high to increase oxygen in the blood and HR will stay high to deliver oxygenated blood to the cells
What is metabolism?
the sum of all chemical reactions in the body
What are some examples of metabolic reaction?
The formation of polymers from monomers
The process of respiration
The breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion
What role does liver play in repaying oxygen debt?
Lactic acid is taken to the liver by the blood, and either:
.oxidised to carbon dioxide and water,
or
.converted to glucose, then glycogen-glycogen levels in the liver and muscles can then be restored
what is the link between protein consumption and urea concentration in urine?
When the body metabolizes protein, it breaks down amino acids, releasing nitrogen. The liver then converts the nitrogen into urea, a less toxic form of nitrogenous waste. Urea is then transported in the blood and filtered out by the kidneys, appearing in the urine. A high protein diet means the body has more protein to break down, leading to a higher production of urea
